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Circuit control of competition
A study explores the circuits through which the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex orchestrates social competition in mice.
Neural compositions use multigoal building blocks
A new study reveals an algorithm implemented by neurons in the medial frontal cortex that is involved in flexibly mapping ...
Schemas, reinforcement learning and the medial prefrontal cortex
Schemas, reinforcement learning and the medial prefrontal cortex
Schemas are rich and complex knowledge structures about the typical unfolding of events in a context; for example, a schem...
The curious case of dopaminergic prediction errors and learning associative information beyond value
The curious case of dopaminergic prediction errors and learning associative information beyond value
Transient changes in the firing of midbrain dopamine neurons have been closely tied to the unidimensional value-based pred...
The short and long pathways to memory
Inhibition of CaMKII blocks short-term memory but not long-term memory of inhibitory avoidance in mice.
Human hippocampal circuit characterization
A new study reveals distinct circuit features of the human hippocampal CA3 region.
Pathways to sex preferences
A study explores the sexually dimorphic circuits that regulate sociosexual preferences in mice.
Early spinal cord development: from neural tube formation to neurogenesis
Early spinal cord development: from neural tube formation to neurogenesis
As one of the simplest and most evolutionarily conserved parts of the vertebrate nervous system, the spinal cord serves as...
Preparing for motherhood
In mice, specific pools of adult neural stem cells are recruited during pregnancy to support postpartum maternal behaviour.
The neurobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
The neurobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Worldwide, over 694 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, with an estimated 55–60% of those infected de...
The long COVID haul
Ongoing systemic and neurocognitive impairments that continue in a subset of individuals after infection with SARS-CoV-2 i...
The generative grammar of the brain: a critique of internally generated representations
The generative grammar of the brain: a critique of internally generated representations
The past decade of progress in neurobiology has uncovered important organizational principles for network preconfiguration...
Sleep and circadian rhythmicity as entangled processes serving homeostasis
Sleep and circadian rhythmicity as entangled processes serving homeostasis
Sleep is considered essential for the brain and body. A predominant concept is that sleep is regulated by circadian rhythm...
From local APP expression to network dysfunction
In mice, localized mutant APP expression in the CA3 hippocampal region leads to progressive network dysfunction and hippoc...
Human neuronal maturation comes of age: cellular mechanisms and species differences
Human neuronal maturation comes of age: cellular mechanisms and species differences
The delayed and prolonged postmitotic maturation of human neurons, compared with neurons from other species, may contribut...
Sometimes science needs a stubborn mind: the discovery of dopamine
Federica De Lazzari describes Arvid Carlsson’s 1957 paper, which provided evidence for the importance of dopamine in...
Playing tag at the axon
A new biotinylation-based approach identifies previously unknown cell surface proteins of the axonal initial segment (AIS)...
How deep is the brain? The shallow brain hypothesis
How deep is the brain? The shallow brain hypothesis
Deep learning and predictive coding architectures commonly assume that inference in neural networks is hierarchical. Howev...
Detection, processing and reinforcement of social cues: regulation by the oxytocin system
Detection, processing and reinforcement of social cues: regulation by the oxytocin system
Many social behaviours are evolutionarily conserved and are essential for the healthy development of an ...
Coding number estimates
A new study shows that, in a numerical judgement task, individuals show differences in neuronal coding of numbers below an...
Boundary deprivation does not prevent grid cell maturation
Grid cells develop in rats soon after they leave the nest. Here, Ulsaker-Janke et al. show that preventing exposure to str...
Caught in a trap
Ketamine is ‘trapped’ in the pores of NMDA receptors in the lateral habenula, mediating sustained antidepressa...
Reliable social switch
The macaque homologue of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex tracks the reliability of social information and determines w...
Avoiding bias in fluorescence sensor readout
Avoiding bias in fluorescence sensor readout
Fluorescent indicators can provide quantitative insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of signalling molecules released...
Mapping cilia connections in the human brain
The organization and diversity of neuronal and glial primary cilia and their connectivity in the human cortex is character...
Parenting circuit triggered by infant cries
A study dissects the neural circuit through which pup cries induce oxytocin release and maternal behaviour in mice.
Reconstructing computational system dynamics from neural data with recurrent neural networks
Reconstructing computational system dynamics from neural data with recurrent neural networks
Computational models in neuroscience usually take the form of systems of differential equations. The behaviour of such sys...
Examining the role of the locus coeruleus in activating cortical astrocytes
In this Journal Club, Nathan Anthony Smith discusses a 2008 paper that documented a link between the noradrenergic modulat...
Is song processing distinct and special in the auditory cortex?
Is song processing distinct and special in the auditory cortex?
Is the singing voice processed distinctively in the human brain? In this Perspective, we discuss what might distinguish so...
Hormonal gatekeeper of distinct social behaviours
A juvenile hormone-degrading enzyme localized in the insect equivalent of the blood–brain barrier governs which soci...
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