Alimujiang A, Jiang P (2020). Synergy and co-benefits of reducing CO2 and air pollutant emissions by promoting electric vehicles—A case of Shanghai. Energy for Sustainable Development, 55: 181–189.
CAM (2023). Urban Rail Transit Statistical and Analysis Report. China Association of Metros. (in Chinese)
Cervero R, Kockelman K (1997). Travel demand and the 3Ds: Density, diversity, and design. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2: 199–219.
Chen J, Fan W, Qian J, et al. (2015). Establishment of the light-duty gasoline vehicle emission inventory in Chengdu by the International Vehicle Emission model. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 35(7): 2016–2024. (in Chinese)
Chen S, Zhao S, Jiang Y, et al. (2021). Implementation effects of road traffic carbon reduction policies in Tianjin. Urban Transport of China, 19(5): 59–65. (in Chinese)
Chengdu Shuijingzhu Technology (2024). Universal Map Downloader (Version 4.3.23). Chengdu, China.
China Electricity Council (2024). China Electric Power Yearbook. Beijing: China Statistics Press. (in Chinese)
Cui X, Zhuang C, Jiao Z, et al. (2023). How can urban built environment (BE) influence on-road (OR) carbon emissions? A road segment scale quantification based on massive vehicle trajectory big data. Journal of Transport Geography, 111: 103669.
Duan S, Qiu Z, Liu Z, et al. (2023). Impact assessment of vehicle electrification pathways on emissions of CO2 and air pollution in Xi’an, China. Science of the Total Environment, 893: 164856.
Ewing R, Cervero R (2001). Travel and the built environment: A synthesis. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1780: 87–114.
Ewing R, Cervero R (2010). Travel and the built environment. Journal of the American Planning Association, 76: 265–294.
Geng X, Xie D, Gou Z (2024). Optimizing urban block morphologies for net-zero energy cities: Exploring photovoltaic potential and urban design prototype. Building Simulation, 17: 607–624.
Giles-Corti B, Vernez-Moudon A, Reis R, et al. (2016). City planning and population health: A global challenge. The Lancet, 388: 2912–2924.
Guan D, Peters GP, Weber CL, et al. (2009). Journey to world top emitter: An analysis of the driving forces of China’s recent CO2 emissions surge. Geophysical Research Letters, 36: 2008GL036540.
Guo M, Ning M, Sun S, et al. (2024). Estimation and analysis of air pollutant emissions from on-road vehicles in Changzhou, China. Atmosphere, 15: 192.
Hao H, Cheng X, Liu Z, et al. (2017). Electric vehicles for greenhouse gas reduction in China: A cost-effectiveness analysis. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 56: 68–84.
He M, Fei Y, He M (2020). Exploring the factors associated with car use for short trips: Evidence from Kunming, China. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2020: 3654130.
Hou X, Lv T, Xu J, et al. (2023). Electrification transition and carbon emission reduction of urban passenger transportation systems—A case study of Shenzhen, China. Sustainable Cities and Society, 93: 104511.
Hou X, Ma Z (2019). Design and research of blocks shape under low-carbon travel-oriented. Shanxi Architecture, 45(4): 185–187. (in Chinese)
Hu Y, Jin Y, Zhang S (2021). Climate, health impacts, and social costs of electric vehicles in China: A cost-benefit analysis. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 57(5): 916–926. (in Chinese)
Huang C, Wang HL, Li L, et al. (2015). VOC species and emission inventory from vehicles and their SOA formation potentials estimation in Shanghai, China. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15: 11081–11096.
IEA (2025). World Energy Outlook 2025. International Energy Agency. Available at https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2025.
IPCC (2006). IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, United Nations.
Li Z, Tang J, Zhang W, et al. (2024). Exploring the association between multi-mode transport and the built environment: A comparative study of metro, bus, taxi, and shared bike use. Sustainable Cities and Society, 114: 105789.
Liang X, Zhang S, Wu Y, et al. (2019). Air quality and health benefits from fleet electrification in China. Nature Sustainability, 2: 962–971.
Liu J, Cui J, Li Y, et al. (2021). Synergistic air pollutants and GHG reduction effect of commercial vehicle electrification in Guangdong’s public service sector. Sustainability, 13: 11098.
Liu J, Li J, Chen Y, et al. (2023a). Multi-scale urban passenger transportation CO2 emission calculation platform for smart mobility management. Applied Energy, 331: 120407.
Liu M, Zhang K, Liang Y, et al. (2023b). Life cycle environmental and economic assessment of electric bicycles with different batteries in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 385: 135715.
Liu K, Xu X, Zhang R, et al. (2024). An integrated framework utilizing machine learning to accelerate the optimization of energy-efficient urban block forms. Building Simulation, 17: 2017–2042.
Ma X, Yang J, Ding C, et al. (2018). Joint analysis of the commuting departure time and travel mode choice: Role of the built environment. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018: 4540832.
MEE (2005). GB 17691-2005. Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants from Compression Ignition and Gas Fuelled Positive Ignition Engines of Vehicles (III, IV, V). Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. (in Chinese)
MEE (2013). GB 18352.5-2013. Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles (CHINA 5). Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. (in Chinese)
MEE (2014). Technical Guidelines for Compiling Atmospheric Pollutant Emission Inventory from Road Vehicles. Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. (in Chinese)
MEE (2016). GB 18352.6-2016. Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles (CHINA 6). Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. (in Chinese)
MEE (2018). GB 17691-2018. Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Diesel Fuelled Heavy-Duty Vehicles (CHINA VI). Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China. (in Chinese)
Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources (2023). Nanjing Transportation Development Annual Report. (in Chinese)
National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation (2022). Baseline Emission Factors of Regional Power Grids in China For Emission-Reduction Projects. (in Chinese)
Pei M, Hu Y, Han W, et al. (2024). Life-Cycle analysis of economic and environmental effects for electric bus transit systems. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 131: 104205.
Qin B, Han S (2013). Planning parameters and household carbon emission: Evidence from high- and low-carbon neighborhoods in Beijing. Habitat International, 37: 52–60.
Shan Y, Guan D, Zheng H, et al. (2018). China CO2 emission accounts 1997–2015. Scientific Data, 5: 170201.
Shao D, Li H (2021). Carbon reduction benefits and carbon peak goals of urban passenger transportation electrification: A case study of Shanghai. Urban Transport of China, 19(5): 53–58. (in Chinese)
Stojanovski T (2019). Urban form and mobility choices: Informing about sustainable travel alternatives, carbon emissions and energy use from transportation in Swedish neighbourhoods. Sustainability, 11: 548.
Su Y, Wu J, Ciais P, et al. (2022). Differential impacts of urbanization characteristics on city-level carbon emissions from passenger transport on road: Evidence from 360 cities in China. Building and Environment, 219: 109165.
Tang L, Qu J, Mi Z, et al. (2019). Substantial emission reductions from Chinese power plants after the introduction of ultra-low emissions standards. Nature Energy, 4: 929–938.
UNFCCC (2012). Tool to Calculate the Emission Factor for an Electricity System. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Available at https://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/PAmethodologies/tools/am-tool-07-v2.2.0.pdf
Wang Y, Hayashi Y, Chen J, et al. (2014). Changing urban form and transport CO2 emissions: An empirical analysis of Beijing, China. Sustainability, 6: 4558–4579.
Wang Z, Chen F, Fujiyama T (2015). Carbon emission from urban passenger transportation in Beijing. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 41: 217–227.
Wang Z, Liu W (2015). Determinants of CO2 emissions from household daily travel in Beijing, China: Individual travel characteristic perspectives. Applied Energy, 158: 292–299.
Wang S, Liu X, Zhou C, et al. (2017). Examining the impacts of socioeconomic factors, urban form, and transportation networks on CO2 emissions in China’s megacities. Applied Energy, 185: 189–200.
Wang J, Wu Q, Liu J, et al. (2019). Vehicle emission and atmospheric pollution in China: Problems, progress, and prospects. PeerJ, 7: e6932.
Wang Z (2023). China New Energy Vehicle Big Data Research Report. Beijing: China Machine Press. (in Chinese)
Wang QR (2024). Towards zero-emission urban mobility: Leveraging AI and LCA for targeted interventions. Building Simulation, 17: 1653–1657.
Comments (0)