Total Neo-adjuvant Therapy [TNT] with Short Course Radiotherapy [SCRT] Followed by Total Mesorectal Excision [TME]– in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer [LARC]: a Prospective Observational Study in an Indian Population

Sauer R et al (2004) Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 351(17):1731–1740. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMOA040694

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Johnson GGRJ, Park J, Helewa RM, Goldenberg BA, Nashed M, Hyun E (2023) Total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: a guide for surgeons. Can J Surg 66(2):E196–E201. https://doi.org/10.1503/CJS.005822

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Boublikova L, Novakova A, Simsa J, Lohynska R (2023) Total neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer: the evidence and expectations. Crit Rev Oncol/Hematol 192:104196. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CRITREVONC.2023.104196

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ochiai K et al (2024) Total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: which regimens to use? Cancers (Basel) 16(11):2093. https://doi.org/10.3390/CANCERS16112093

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Freites-Martinez A, Santana N, Arias-Santiago S, Viera A (2021) Using the common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE – version 5.0) to evaluate the severity of adverse events of anticancer therapies. Actas Dermosifiliogr 112(1):90–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AD.2019.05.009

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Schwartz LH et al (2016) RECIST 1.1 - Update and clarification: from the RECIST committee. Eur J Cancer 62:132–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EJCA.2016.03.081

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

The Clavien-Dindo Classification | AssesSurgery GmbH. [Online]. Available: https://www.assessurgery.com/clavien-dindo-classification/. Accessed 18 May 2025

Bosset JF et al (2014) Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: long-term results of the EORTC 22921 randomised study. Lancet Oncol 15(2):184–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70599-0

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Breugom AJ et al (2015) Adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy and surgery for patients with rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Oncol 16(2):200–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71199-4

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bahadoer RR et al (2021) Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before total mesorectal excision (TME) versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy, TME, and optional adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RAPIDO): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 22(1):29–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30555-6

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Conroy T et al (2021) Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX and preoperative chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 22(5):702–715. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00079-6

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Fokas E et al (2022) Chemoradiotherapy plus induction or consolidation chemotherapy as total neoadjuvant therapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: long-term results of the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol 8(1):e215445–e215445. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMAONCOL.2021.5445

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Moore J et al (2017) Prospective randomized trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy during the ‘wait period’ following preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: results of the WAIT trial. Colorectal Dis 19(11):973–979. https://doi.org/10.1111/CODI.13724

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Erlandsson J et al (2017) Optimal fractionation of preoperative radiotherapy and timing to surgery for rectal cancer (Stockholm III): a multicentre, randomised, non-blinded, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol 18(3):336–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30086-4

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

You KY et al (2015) Tailored selection of the interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer: analysis based on the pathologic stage or chemoradiation response. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 141(4):719–728. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00432-014-1843-8

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zeng WG et al (2014) Impact of interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for rectal cancer on surgical and oncologic outcome. J Surg Oncol 110(4):463–467. https://doi.org/10.1002/JSO.23665

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wolthuis AM et al (2012) Impact of interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and TME for locally advanced rectal cancer on pathologic response and oncologic outcome. Ann Surg Oncol 19(9):2833–2841. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-012-2327-1

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sloothaak DA et al (2013) Optimal time interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for rectal cancer. Br J Surg 100(7):933–939. https://doi.org/10.1002/BJS.9112

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang XJ, Zheng ZR, Chi P, Lin HM, Lu XR, Huang Y (2016) Effect of Interval between Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Surgery on Oncological Outcome for Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016(1):6756859. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6756859

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lefevre JH et al (2016) Effect of interval (7 or 11 weeks) between neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and surgery on complete pathologic response in rectal cancer: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial (GRECCAR-6). J Clin Oncol 34(31):3773–3780. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.67.6049

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dijkstra EA et al (2023) Locoregional failure during and after short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy and surgery compared with long-course chemoradiotherapy and surgery: a 5-year follow-up of the RAPIDO trial. Ann Surg 278(4):e766–e772. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000005799

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ciseł B et al (2019) Long-course preoperative chemoradiation versus 5 × 5 Gy and consolidation chemotherapy for clinical T4 and fixed clinical T3 rectal cancer: long-term results of the randomized Polish II study. Ann Oncol 30(8):1298–1303. https://doi.org/10.1093/ANNONC/MDZ186

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim SY et al (2018) A randomized phase 2 trial of consolidation chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiation therapy versus chemoradiation therapy alone for locally advanced rectal cancer: KCSG CO 14–03. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 101(4):889–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJROBP.2018.04.013

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Maréchal R et al (2012) Short course chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy and surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomized multicentric phase II study. Ann Oncol 23(6):1525–1530. https://doi.org/10.1093/ANNONC/MDR473

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fernández-Martos C et al (2015) Chemoradiation, surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy versus induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation and surgery: long-term results of the Spanish GCR-3 phase II randomized trial. Ann Oncol 26(8):1722–1728. https://doi.org/10.1093/ANNONC/MDV223

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guida AM et al (2022) Total neoadjuvant therapy for the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic minireview. Biol Direct 17(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/S13062-022-00329-7

Article  Google Scholar 

Khrizman P et al (2013) Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy use in patients with stage II/III rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy: a national comprehensive cancer network analysis. J Clin Oncol 31(1):30–38. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.40.3188

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Biagi JJ, Raphael MJ, Mackillop WJ, Kong W, King WD, Booth CM (2011) Association between time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in colorectal cancer. JAMA 305(22):2335–2342. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.749

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Comments (0)

No login
gif