Fauci AS, Morens DM. The perpetual challenge of infectious diseases. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(5):454–61.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lemon SM, Mahmoud AA. The threat of pandemic influenza: are we ready? Biosecur Bioterror. 2005;3(1):70–3.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Harrington WN, Kackos CM, Webby RJ. The evolution and future of influenza pandemic preparedness. Exp Mol Med. 2021;53(5):737–49.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rajasekaran D, Palombo EA, Chia Yeo T, Lim Siok Ley D, Lee Tu C, Malherbe F, Grollo L. Identification of traditional medicinal plant extracts with novel anti-influenza activity. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(11):e79293.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Looker KJ, Magaret AS, May MT, Turner KM, Vickerman P, Gottlieb SL, Newman LM. Global and regional estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in 2012. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(10):e0140765.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Whitley RJ. Herpes simplex encephalitis: adolescents and adults. Antiviral Res. 2006;71(2–3):141–8.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Capua I, Alexander D. Human health implications of avian influenza viruses and paramyxoviruses. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;23:1–6.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Carrat F, Flahault A. Influenza vaccine: the challenge of antigenic drift. Vaccine. 2007;25(39–40):6852–62.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Grienke U, Schmidtke M, Kirchmair J, Pfarr K, Wutzler P, Dürrwald R, Wolber G, Liedl KR, Stuppner H, Rollinger JM. Antiviral potential and molecular insight into neuraminidase inhibiting diarylheptanoids from Alpinia katsumadai. J Med Chem. 2010;53(2):778–86.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ison MG. Antivirals and resistance: influenza virus. Curr Opin Virol. 2011;1(6):563–73.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ivashkiv LB, Donlin LT. Regulation of type I interferon responses. Nat Rev Immunol. 2014;14(1):36–49.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pfeffer LM. The role of nuclear factor κB in the interferon response. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2011;31(7):553–9.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Platanias LC. Mechanisms of type-I-and type-II-interferon-mediated signalling. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;5(5):375–86.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stark GR, Kerr IM, Williams BR, Silverman RH, Schreiber RD. How cells respond to interferons. Annu Rev Biochem. 1998;67(1):227–64.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shuai K, Liu B. Regulation of JAK–STAT signalling in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3(11):900–11.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. Clinical aspects and health benefits of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in both traditional Chinese medicine and modern industry. Acta Agric Scand Sect b Soil Plant Sci. 2019;69(6):546–56.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. A review of ginseng species in different regions as a multipurpose herb in traditional Chinese medicine, modern herbology and pharmacological science. J Med Plants Res. 2019;13(10):213–26.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q. The insight and survey on medicinal properties and nutritive components of shallot. J Med Plants Res. 2019;13(18):452–7.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Sun W, Shahrajabian M, Cheng Q. Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), a dominant spice and traditional medicinal herb for both food and medicinal purposes. Cogent Biol. 2019;5:1673688.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Sun Y, Li L, Liao M, Su M, Wan C, Zhang L, Zhang H. A systematic data acquisition and mining strategy for chemical profiling of Aster tataricus rhizoma (Ziwan) by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and the corresponding anti-depressive activity screening. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2018;154:216–26.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen T, Yang P, Chen H-j, Huang B: A new biflavonoids from Aster tataricus induced non-apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. Natural Product Research 2022, 36(6):1409-1415.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim AR, Jin Q, Jin H-G, Ko HJ, Woo E-R. Phenolic compounds with IL-6 inhibitory activity from Aster yomena. Arch Pharmacal Res. 2014;37:845–51.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Yu P, Cheng S, Xiang J, Yu B, Zhang M, Zhang C, Xu X. Expectorant, antitussive, anti-inflammatory activities and compositional analysis of Aster tataricus. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;164:328–33.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang H-T, Tian M, He Q-W, Chi N, Xiu C-M, Wang Y-B. Effect of Aster tataricus on production of inflammatory mediators in LPS stimulated rat astrocytoma cell line (C6) and THP-1 cells. Saudi Pharm J. 2017;25(3):370–5.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yue GG, Chan BC, Kwok HF, To MH, Hon KL, Fung KP, Lau CB, Leung PC. Screening for anti-inflammatory and bronchorelaxant activities of 12 commonly used Chinese herbal medicines. Phytother Res. 2012;26(6):915–25.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang R, Xiao S, Niu Z. Anti-cancer activity of Aster tataricus on SCC-9 human oral squamous carcinoma. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2017;14(2):142–7.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Du L, Mei H-F, Yin X, Xing Y-Q. Delayed growth of glioma by a polysaccharide from Aster tataricus involve upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, activation of caspase-3/8/9, and downregulation of the Akt. Tumor Biology. 2014;35:1819–25.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang T, Zhang H, Tian Y, Luo H, Yang S, Wang Y, Huang X. Inhibition of human gastric carcinoma cell growth in vitro by a polysaccharide from Aster tataricus. Int J Biol Macromol. 2012;51(4):509–13.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim J, Koppula S, Yum M, Shin G, Chae Y, Kopalli S, Song M. Aster tataricus Linn., suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation and protects against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2020;82(1):104.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhang L, Ravipati AS, Koyyalamudi SR, Jeong SC, Reddy N, Bartlett J, Smith PT, de la Cruz M, Monteiro MC, Melguizo Á. Anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities of ethanol extracts of selected traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2013;6(9):673–81.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schafhauser T, Jahn L, Kirchner N, Kulik A, Flor L, Lang A, Caradec T, Fewer DP, Sivonen K, van Berkel WJ. Antitumor astins originate from the fungal endophyte Cyanodermella asteris living within the medicinal plant Aster tataricus. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2019;116(52):26909–17.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kumar P, Nagarajan A, Uchil PD. Analysis of cell viability by the MTT assay. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2018;2018(6):pdb. prot095505.

Google Scholar 

Verma A, Prasad KN, Singh AK, Nyati KK, Gupta RK, Paliwal VK. Evaluation of the MTT lymphocyte proliferation assay for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. J Microbiol Methods. 2010;81(2):175–8.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Moon H-J, Lee J-S, Choi Y-K, Park J-Y, Talactac MR, Chowdhury MY, Poo H, Sung M-H, Lee J-H, Jung JU. Induction of type I interferon by high-molecular poly-γ-glutamate protects B6. A2G-Mx1 mice against influenza A virus. Antivir Res. 2012;94(1):98–102.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shin S, Kwon J, Lee S, Kong H, Lee S, Lee C-K, Cho K, Ha N-J, Kim K. Immunostimulatory effects of Cordyceps militaris on macrophages through the enhanced production of cytokines via the activation of NF-κB. Immune Network. 2010;10(2):55–63.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Seal BS, King DJ, Bennett JD. Characterization of Newcastle disease virus isolates by reverse transcription PCR coupled to direct nucleotide sequencing and development of sequence database for pathotype prediction and molecular epidemiological analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33(10):2624–30.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kim J-H, Weeratunga P, Kim MS, Nikapitiya C, Lee B-H, Uddin MB, Kim T-H, Yoon J-E, Park C, Ma JY. Inhibitory effects of an aqueous extract from Cortex Phellodendri on the growth and replication of broad-spectrum of viruses in vitro and in vivo. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16:1–13.

Google Scholar 

Ramakrishnan MA. Determination of 50% endpoint titer using a simple formula. World J Virol. 2016;5(2):85.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Itoh Y, Shinya K, Kiso M, Watanabe T, Sakoda Y, Hatta M, Muramoto Y, Tamura D, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Noda T. In vitro and in vivo characterization of new swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses. Nature. 2009;460(7258):1021–5.

CAS