Carow CE, Levenstein M, Kaufmann SH, Chen J, Amin S, Rockwell P, et al. Expression of the hematopoietic growth factor receptor FLT3 (STK-1/Flk2) in human leukemias. Blood. 1996;87:1089–96.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bolouri H, Farrar JE, Triche T Jr, Ries RE, Lim EL, Alonzo TA, et al. The molecular landscape of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia reveals recurrent structural alterations and age-specific mutational interactions. Nat Med. 2018;24:103–12.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Papaemmanuil E, Gerstung M, Bullinger L, Gaidzik VI, Paschka P, Roberts ND, et al. Genomic classification and prognosis in acute myeloid Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:2209–21.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gilliland DG, Griffin JD. The roles of FLT3 in hematopoiesis and leukemia. Blood. 2002;100:1532–42.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Yanada M, Matsuo K, Suzuki T, Kiyoi H, Naoe T. Prognostic significance of FLT3 internal tandem duplication and tyrosine kinase domain mutations for acute myeloid leukemia: a meta-analysis. Leukemia. 2005;19:1345–9.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Daver N, Venugopal S, Ravandi F. FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukemia: 2021 treatment algorithm. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11:104.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Larrosa-Garcia M, Baer MR. FLT3 inhibitors in acute myeloid Leukemia: current status and future directions. Mol Cancer Ther. 2017;16:991–1001.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ueno Y, Mori M, Kamiyama Y, Saito R, Kaneko N, Isshiki E, et al. Evaluation of gilteritinib in combination with chemotherapy in preclinical models of FLT3-ITD(+) acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget. 2019;10:2530–45.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Small D. Targeting FLT3 for the treatment of leukemia. Semin Hematol. 2008;45:S17–21.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Singh Mali R, Zhang Q, DeFilippis RA, Cavazos A, Kuruvilla VM, Raman J, et al. Venetoclax combines synergistically with FLT3 inhibition to effectively target leukemic cells in FLT3-ITD+ acute myeloid leukemia models. Haematologica. 2021;106:1034–46.
Smith CC, Zhang C, Lin KC, Lasater EA, Zhang Y, Massi E, et al. Characterizing and overriding the structural mechanism of the quizartinib-resistant FLT3 “Gatekeeper” F691L mutation with PLX3397. Cancer Discov. 2015;5:668–79.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Eguchi M, Minami Y, Kuzume A, Chi S. Mechanisms underlying resistance to FLT3 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia. Biomedicines. 2020;8:245.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Smith CC, Paguirigan A, Jeschke GR, Lin KC, Massi E, Tarver T, et al. Heterogeneous resistance to quizartinib in acute myeloid leukemia revealed by single-cell analysis. Blood. 2017;130:48–58.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Taylor KR, Mackay A, Truffaux N, Butterfield Y, Morozova O, Philippe C, et al. Recurrent activating ACVR1 mutations in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Nat Genet. 2014;46:457–61.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Carvalho D, Taylor KR, Olaciregui NG, Molinari V, Clarke M, Mackay A, et al. ALK2 inhibitors display beneficial effects in preclinical models of ACVR1 mutant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Commun Biol. 2019;2:156.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Zehir A, Benayed R, Shah RH, Syed A, Middha S, Kim HR, et al. Mutational landscape of metastatic cancer revealed from prospective clinical sequencing of 10,000 patients. Nat Med. 2017;23:703–13.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Zhao B, Pritchard JR. Inherited disease genetics improves the identification of cancer-associated genes. PLoS Genet. 2016;12:e1006081.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Taylor KR, Vinci M, Bullock AN, Jones C. ACVR1 mutations in DIPG: lessons learned from FOP. Cancer Res. 2014;74:4565–70.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Voeltzel T, Flores-Violante M, Zylbersztejn F, Lefort S, Billandon M, Jeanpierre S, et al. A new signaling cascade linking BMP4, BMPR1A, ΔNp73 and NANOG impacts on stem-like human cell properties and patient outcome. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9:1011.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Breitenbuecher F, Markova B, Kasper S, Carius B, Stauder T, Böhmer FD, et al. A novel molecular mechanism of primary resistance to FLT3-kinase inhibitors in AML. Blood. 2009;113:4063–73.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bagrintseva K, Geisenhof S, Kern R, Eichenlaub S, Reindl C, Ellwart JW, et al. FLT3-ITD-TKD dual mutants associated with AML confer resistance to FLT3 PTK inhibitors and cytotoxic agents by overexpression of Bcl-x(L). Blood. 2005;105:3679–85.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kohl TM, Hellinger C, Ahmed F, Buske C, Hiddemann W, Bohlander SK, et al. BH3 mimetic ABT-737 neutralizes resistance to FLT3 inhibitor treatment mediated by FLT3-independent expression of BCL2 in primary AML blasts. Leukemia. 2007;21:1763–72.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Yoshimoto G, Miyamoto T, Jabbarzadeh-Tabrizi S, Iino T, Rocnik JL, Kikushige Y, et al. FLT3-ITD up-regulates MCL-1 to promote survival of stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia via FLT3-ITD-specific STAT5 activation. Blood. 2009;114:5034–43.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wu XB, Feng X, Chang QM, Zhang CW, Wang ZF, Liu J, et al. Cross-talk among AFAP1-AS1, ACVR1 and microRNA-384 regulates the stemness of pancreatic cancer cells and tumorigenicity in nude mice. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38:107.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Li L, Liu Y, Guo Y, Liu B, Zhao Y, Li P, et al. Regulatory MiR-148a-ACVR1/BMP circuit defines a cancer stem cell-like aggressive subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2015;61:574–84.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Tyner JW, Tognon CE, Bottomly D, Wilmot B, Kurtz SE, Savage SL, et al. Functional genomic landscape of acute myeloid leukaemia. Nature. 2018;562:526–31.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cancer Genome Atlas Research N, Ley TJ, Miller C, Ding L, Raphael BJ, Mungall AJ, et al. Genomic and epigenomic landscapes of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:2059–74.
Hoadley KA, Yau C, Hinoue T, Wolf DM, Lazar AJ, Drill E, et al. Cell-of-origin patterns dominate the molecular classification of 10,000 tumors from 33 types of cancer. Cell. 2018;173:291–304.e6.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tang R, Hirsch P, Fava F, Lapusan S, Marzac C, Teyssandier I, et al. High Id1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in 237 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2009;114:2993–3000.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Williams E, Bullock AN. Structural basis for the potent and selective binding of LDN-212854 to the BMP receptor kinase ALK2. Bone. 2018;109:251–8.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kawase T, Nakazawa T, Eguchi T, Tsuzuki H, Ueno Y, Amano Y, et al. Effect of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) ligand (FL) on antitumor activity of gilteritinib, a FLT3 inhibitor, in mice xenografted with FL-overexpressing cells. Oncotarget. 2019;10:6111–23.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ma J, Zhao S, Qiao X, Knight T, Edwards H, Polin L, et al. Inhibition of Bcl-2 synergistically enhances the antileukemic activity of midostaurin and gilteritinib in preclinical models of FLT3-mutated acute myeloid Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25:6815–26.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tsai CL, Tsai CN, Lin CY, Chen HW, Lee YS, Chao A, et al. Secreted stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 activates the ALK2-SMAD signaling pathways and promotes cell proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Cell Rep. 2012;2:283–93.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Herrera B, van Dinther M, Ten Dijke P, Inman GJ. Autocrine bone morphogenetic protein-9 signals through activin receptor-like kinase-2/Smad1/Smad4 to promote ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Res. 2009;69:9254–62.
Comments (0)