Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74:229–63. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21834.
Schinke H, Shi E, Lin Z, Quadt T, Kranz G, Zhou J, et al. A transcriptomic map of EGFR-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition identifies prognostic and therapeutic targets for head and neck cancer. Mol Cancer. 2022;21:178. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-022-01646-1.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Koyfman SA, Ismaila N, Crook D, D’Cruz A, Rodriguez CP, Sher DJ, et al. Management of the neck in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx: ASCO clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:1753–74. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.18.01921.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wu D, Li Y, Xu P, Fang Q, Cao F, Lin H, et al. Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy with camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin in resectable locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a pilot phase II trial. Nat Commun. 2024;15:2177. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46444-z.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Hellmann MD, Kim TW, Lee CB, Goh BC, Miller WH Jr., Oh DY, et al. Phase Ib study of atezolizumab combined with cobimetinib in patients with solid tumors. Ann Oncol. 2019;30:1134–42. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz113.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, Schwartz LH, Sargent D, Ford R, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45:228–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.026.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Vos JL, Elbers JBW, Krijgsman O, Traets JJH, Qiao X, van der Leun AM, et al. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab induces major pathological responses in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun. 2021;12:7348. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26472-9.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Forde PM, Chaft JE, Smith KN, Anagnostou V, Cottrell TR, Hellmann MD, et al. Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in resectable lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:1976–86. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1716078.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Berghoff AS, Bellosillo B, Caux C, de Langen A, Mazieres J, Normanno N, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with oncogene- addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): summary of a multidisciplinary round-table discussion. ESMO Open. 2019;4:e000498. https://doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2019-000498.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Vos JL, Zuur CL, Smit LA, de Boer JP, Al-Mamgani A, van den Brekel MWM, et al. [(18)F]FDG-PET accurately identifies pathological response early upon neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2022;49:2010–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05610-x.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Avril S, Muzic RF Jr., Plecha D, Traughber BJ, Vinayak S, Avril N. (1)(8)F-FDG PET/CT for monitoring of treatment response in breast cancer. J Nucl Med. 2016;57(Suppl 1):S34–9. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.157875.
Aide N, Hicks RJ, Le Tourneau C, Lheureux S, Fanti S, Lopci E. FDG PET/CT for assessing tumour response to immunotherapy: report on the EANM symposium on immune modulation and recent review of the literature. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019;46:238–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-018-4171-4.
Napier TS, Hunter CL, Song PN, Larimer BM, Sorace AG. Preclinical PET imaging of granzyme B shows promotion of immunological response following combination Paclitaxel and immune checkpoint Inhibition in triple negative breast Cancer. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020440.
Shah H, Wang Y, Cheng SC, Gunasti L, Chen YH, Lako A, et al. Use of Fluoro-[18F]-Deoxy-2-D-Glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to predict immunotherapy treatment response in patients with squamous cell oral cavity cancers. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022;148:268–76. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2021.4052.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jiang Y, Wen B, Li C, Tian Y, Xiao Z, Xu K, et al. The performance of (68)Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective comparison with (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2023;50:2114–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-023-06138-y.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Chen S, Chen Z, Zou G, Zheng S, Zheng K, Zhang J, et al. Accurate preoperative staging with [(68)Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a comparison to 2-[(18)F]FDG PET/CT. Eur Radiol. 2022;32:6070–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-022-08686-7.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Li K, Liu W, Yu H, Chen J, Tang W, Wang J, et al. 68Ga-FAPI PET imaging monitors response to combined TGF-betaR inhibition and immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Invest. 2024;134. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI170490.
Zhang X, Lin Z, Feng Y, Lin Z, Tao K, Zhang T, et al. Predicting pathologic complete response in locally advanced rectal Cancer with [(68)Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET, [(18)F]FDG PET, and contrast-enhanced MRI: lesion-to-lesion comparison with pathology. J Nucl Med. 2024;65:1548–56. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.124.267581.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Dong Y, Wang Z, Hu X, Sun Y, Qin J, Qin Q, et al. [(18)F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for predicting pathologic response of resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to neoadjuvant camrelizumab and chemotherapy: A phase II clinical trial. J Nucl Med. 2024;65:1702–9. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.124.268557.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Wu M, Wang Y, Yang Q, Wang X, Yang X, Xing H, et al. Comparison of baseline (68)Ga-FAPI and (18)F-FDG PET/CT for prediction of response and clinical outcome in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PD-1 inhibitor and lenvatinib. J Nucl Med. 2023;64:1532–9. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.123.265712.
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Hellmann MD, Chaft JE, William WN Jr., Rusch V, Pisters KM, Kalhor N, et al. Pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in resectable non-small-cell lung cancers: proposal for the use of major pathological response as a surrogate endpoint. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:e42–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70334-6.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Hu J, Dong F, He Y, Xia X, Cheng F, Chen S, et al. LRIG2 promotes glioblastoma progression by modulating innate antitumor immunity through macrophage infiltration and polarization. J Immunother Cancer. 2022;10. https://doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-004452.
Huang Y, Sun J, Li J, Zhu D, Dong M, Dou S, et al. Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for locally advanced resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective single-arm trial (illuminate trial). Int J Surg. 2023;109:2220–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000000489.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ao YQ, Gao J, Wang S, Jiang JH, Deng J, Wang HK, et al. Immunotherapy of thymic epithelial tumors: molecular Understandings and clinical perspectives. Mol Cancer. 2023;22:70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-023-01772-4.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Zhou L, Zhang M, Li R, Xue J, Lu Y. Pseudoprogression and hyperprogression in lung cancer: a comprehensive review of literature. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2020;146:3269–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-020-03360-1.
Tagliabue L, Del Sole A. Appropriate use of positron emission tomography with [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose for staging of oncology patients. Eur J Intern Med. 2014;25:6–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2013.06.012.
Akai M, Noma K, Kato T, Nishimura S, Matsumoto H, Kawasaki K, et al. Fibroblast activation protein-targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapy depletes immunosuppressive cancer-associated fibroblasts and remodels local tumor immunity. Br J Cancer. 2024;130:1647–58. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-024-02639-1.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Liu H, Liu Y, Zhang J, Chen Y. 68 Ga-FAPI response evaluation pitfall in a patient with esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Clin Nucl Med. 2025;50:70–1. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000005423.
Hu X, Zhou T, Ren J, Duan J, Wu H
Comments (0)