Levitt MA, Peña A. Anorectal malformations. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007;2:1–13.

Article  Google Scholar 

Chen S, Gao R, Li H, Wang K. Management of acquired rectourethral fistulas in adults. Asian J Urol. 2018;5:149–54.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ramírez-Martín D, Jara-Rascón J, Renedo-Villar T, Hernández-Fernández C, Lledó-García E. Rectourethral fistula management. Curr Urol Rep. 2016;17:1–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Venkatesan K, Zacharakis E, Andrich DE, Mundy AR. Conservative management of urorectal fistulae. Urology. 2013;81:1352–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mundy AR, Andrich DE. Urorectal fistulae following the treatment of prostate cancer. BJU Int. 2011;107:1298–303.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cerdán Santacruz C, Cerdán Miguel J. Acquired recto-uretral fistulas: Etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic options. Cir Esp. 2015;93:137–46.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62:e1-e34.

Eriksen MB, Frandsen TF. The impact of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic review. J Med Libr Assoc. 2018;106:420.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Burns PB, Rohrich RJ, Chung KC. The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;128:305.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Keller DS, Aboseif SR, Lesser T, Abbass MA, Tsay AT, Abbas MA. Algorithm-based multidisciplinary treatment approach for rectourethral fistula. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2015;30:631–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Al-Ali M, Kashmoula D, Saoud IJ. Experience with 30 posttraumatic rectourethral fistulas: presentation of posterior transsphincteric anterior rectal wall advancement. J Urol. 1997;158:421–4.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vanni AJ, Buckley JC, Zinman LN. Management of surgical and radiation induced rectourethral fistulas with an interposition muscle flap and selective buccal mucosal onlay graft. J Urol. 2010;184:2400–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ghoniem G, Elmissiry M, Weiss E, Langford C, Abdelwahab H, Wexner S. Transperineal repair of complex rectourethral fistula using gracilis muscle flap interposition-can urinary and bowel functions be preserved? J Urol. 2008;179:1882–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kaufman DA, Zinman LN, Buckley JC, Marcello P, Browne BM, Vanni AJ. Short- and long-term complications and outcomes of radiation and surgically induced rectourethral fistula repair with buccal mucosa graft and muscle interposition flap. Urology. 2016;98:170–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Linder BJ, Umbreit EC, Larson D, Dozois EJ, Thapa P, Elliott DS. Effect of prior radiotherapy and ablative therapy on surgical outcomes for the treatment of rectourethral fistulas. J Urol. 2013;190:1287–91.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Harris CR, McAninch JW, Mundy AR, Zinman LN, Jordan GH, Andrich D, et al. Rectourethral fistulas secondary to prostate cancer treatment: management and outcomes from a multi-institutional combined experience. J Urol. 2017;197:191–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ganio E, Martina S, Novelli E, Sandru R, Clerico G, Realis Luc A, et al. Transperineal repair with bulbocavernosus muscle interposition for recto-urethral fistula. Colorectal Dis. 2013;15.

Hadley DA, Southwick A, Middleton RG. York-Mason procedure for repair of recto-urinary fistulae: a 40-year experience. BJU Int. 2012;109:1095–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nicita G, Villari D, Caroassai Grisanti S, Marzocco M, Li Marzi V, Martini A. Minimally invasive transanal repair of rectourethral fistulas. Eur Urol. 2017;71:133–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thomas C, Jones J, Jäger W, Hampel C, Thüroff JW, Gillitzer R. Incidence, clinical symptoms and management of rectourethral fistulas after radical prostatectomy. J Urol. 2010;183:608–12.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chrouser KL, Leibovich BC, Sweat SD, Larson DW, Davis BJ, Tran NV, et al. Urinary fistulas following external radiation or permanent brachytherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer. J Urol. 2005;173:1953–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hechenbleikner EM, Buckley JC, Wick EC. Acquired rectourethral fistulas in adults: a systematic review of surgical repair techniques and outcomes. Dis Colon Rectum. 2013;56:374–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martini A, Gandaglia G, Nicita G, Montorsi F. A novel classification proposal for rectourethral fistulas after primary treatment of prostate cancer. Eur Urol Oncol. 2018;1:510–1.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Medina LG, Lee RA, Celis V, Rodriguez V, Poncel J, Sayegh AS, et al. Robotic management of urinary fistula. Asian J Urol. 2024;11:357–65.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar