Research ArticleAutoimmunityImmunology Open Access | 10.1172/JCI185217

Jun Inamo,1,2 Joshua Keegan,3 Alec Griffith,3 Tusharkanti Ghosh,4 Alice Horisberger,5,6 Kaitlyn Howard,3 John F. Pulford,3 Ekaterina Murzin,3 Brandon Hancock,3 Salina T. Dominguez,7 Miranda G. Gurra,8 Siddarth Gurajala,9 Anna Helena Jonsson,1,5 Jennifer A. Seifert,1 Marie L. Feser,1 Jill M. Norris,10 Ye Cao,5 William Apruzzese,11 S. Louis Bridges,12,13 Vivian P. Bykerk,12,13 Susan Goodman,12,13 Laura T. Donlin,12,13 Gary S. Firestein,14 Joan M. Bathon,15 Laura B. Hughes,16 Andrew Filer,17,18 Costantino Pitzalis,19,20 Jennifer H. Anolik,21 Larry Moreland,1 Nir Hacohen,9 Joel M. Guthridge,22 Judith A. James,22 Carla M. Cuda,7 Harris Perlman,7 Michael B. Brenner,5 Soumya Raychaudhuri,5,9,23,24,25 Jeffrey A. Sparks,5 The Accelerating Medicines Partnership RA/SLE Network,11 V. Michael Holers,1 Kevin D. Deane,1 James Lederer,3 Deepak A. Rao,5 and Fan Zhang1,2

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

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1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

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1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Griffith, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Ghosh, T. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Horisberger, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Howard, K. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Pulford, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Murzin, E. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Hancock, B. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Dominguez, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Gurra, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Program members is provided in Supplemental Acknowledgments.

12Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.

13Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

14Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

15Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

16Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

17Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

18National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research Facility, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

19Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC & NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

20Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.

21Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.

22Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.

23Center for Data Sciences,

24Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, and

25Department of Biomedical Informatics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to: Fan Zhang, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 1890 N. Revere Court, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Phone: 508.736.2008; Email: fan.3.zhang@cuanschutz.edu.

Authorship note: VMH, KDD, JAL, DAR, and FZ have been designated as co–senior authors.

Find articles by Gurajala, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Division of Rheumatology and

2Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

3Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

5Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

6Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

7Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and

8Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

9Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

10Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

11The list of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lu