Revisiting Resting Metabolic Rate: What is the Relation to Weight Fluctuations?

Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, Amarsi Z, Birmingham CL, Anis AH. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:88. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-88.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

World Health Organization (2014) Obesity and overweight. Fact Sheet No. 311. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/.

Ashby-Thompson M, Chung S, Gallagher D. Encyclopedia of human nutrition. 2023. p. 20–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821848-8.00011-1.

Jéquier E, Tappy L. Regulation of body weight in humans. Physiol Rev. 1999;79:451–80. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1999.79.2.451.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ravussin E, Burnand B, Schutz Y, Jéquier E. Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure and resting metabolic rate in obese, moderately obese, and control subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982;35:566–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/35.3.566.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

James WPT, Bailes J, Davies HL, Dauncey MJ. Elevated metabolic rates in obesity. Lancet. 1978;311:1122–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(78)90300-8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Prentice AM, Black AE, Coward WA, Davies HL, Goldberg GR, Murgatroyd PR, et al. High levels of energy expenditure in obese women. Br Med J Clin Res Ed. 1986;292:983. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.292.6526.983.

Fonseca DC, Sala P, Ferreira BD, Reis J, Torrinhas RS, Bendavid I, et al. Body weight control and energy expenditure. Clin Nutr Exp. 2018;20:55–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.04.001.

Kenny GP, Notley SR, Gagnon D. Direct calorimetry: a brief historical review of its use in the study of human metabolism and thermoregulation. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017;117:1765–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-017-3670-5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Farinatti P, Neto AGC, Amorim PRS. Oxygen consumption and substrate utilization during and after resistance exercises performed with different muscle mass. Int J Exerc Sci. 2016;9:77–88. PMID: 27293507; PMCID: PMC4882463.

Penhaligan J, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Miles-Chan JL. The role of postprandial thermogenesis in the development of impaired glucose tolerance and type II diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00113.2023.

Segal KR, Albu J, Chun A, Edano A, Legaspi B, Pi-Sunyer FX. Independent effects of obesity and insulin resistance on postprandial thermogenesis in men. J Clin Investig. 1992;89:824–33. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI115661.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tentolouris N, Pavlatos S, Kokkinos A, Perrea D, Pagoni S, Katsilambros N. Diet-induced thermogenesis and substrate oxidation are not different between lean and obese women after two different isocaloric meals, one rich in protein and one rich in fat. Metabolism. 2008;57:313–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2007.10.004.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gallagher D, Belmonte D, Deurenberg P, Wang Z, Krasnow N, Pi-Sunyer FX, et al. Organ-tissue mass measurement allows modeling of REE and metabolically active tissue mass. Am J Physiol Endocrinol. 1998;275:E249–58. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1998.275.2.E249.

Bendavid I, Lobo DN, Barazzoni R, Cederholm T, Coëffier M, Schueren M de van der, et al. The centenary of the Harris–Benedict equations: how to assess energy requirements best? Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group. Clin Nutr. 2021:40:690–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.012.

Johnson KO, Holliday A, Mistry N, Cunniffe A, Howard K, Stanger N, et al. An increase in fat-free mass is associated with higher appetite and energy intake in older adults: a randomised control trial. Nutrients. 2021;13:141. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13010141.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Johnstone AM, Murison SD, Duncan JS, Rance KA, Speakman JR. Factors influencing variation in basal metabolic rate include fat-free mass, fat mass, age, and circulating thyroxine but not sex, circulating leptin, or triiodothyronine 2. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:941–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/82.5.941.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ravussin E, Lillioja S, Knowler WC, Christin L, Freymond D, Abbott WGH, et al. Reduced rate of energy expenditure as a risk factor for body-weight gain. New Engl J Med. 1988;318:467–72. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198802253180802.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fontaine E, Savard R, Tremblay A, Després JP, Poehlman E, Bouchard C. Resting metabolic rate in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Amg Acta Geneticae Medicae Et Gemellologiae Twin Res. 1985;34:41–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000004906.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Henry CJ, Piggott SM, Rees DG, Priestley L, Sykes B. Basal metabolic rate in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1990;44:717–23. PMID: 2269250.

Blundell JE, Caudwell P, Gibbons C, Hopkins M, Näslund E, King NA, et al. Body composition and appetite: fat-free mass (but not fat mass or BMI) is positively associated with self-determined meal size and daily energy intake in humans. Brit J Nutr. 2012;107:445–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511003138.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Caudwell P, Finlayson G, Gibbons C, Hopkins M, King N, Näslund E, et al. Resting metabolic rate is associated with hunger, self-determined meal size, and daily energy intake and may represent a marker for appetite. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97:7–14. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.029975.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

•• Blundell JE, Gibbons C, Beaulieu K, Casanova N, Duarte C, Finlayson G, et al. The drive to eat in homo sapiens: energy expenditure drives energy intake. Physiol Behav. 2020;219: 112846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112846. This article explains the connection of energy expenditure to energy intake.

Leibel RL, Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J. Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight. New Engl J Med. 1995;332:621–8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199503093321001.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ravussin E, Burnand B, Schutz Y, Jéquier E. Energy expenditure before and during energy restriction in obese patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 1985;41:753–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/41.4.753.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martins C, Roekenes J, Gower BA, Hunter GR. Metabolic adaptation is associated with less weight and fat mass loss in response to low-energy diets. Nutr Metab. 2021;18:60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-021-00587-8.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Goele K, Bosy-Westphal A, Rümcker B, Lagerpusch M, Müller MJ. Influence of changes in body composition and adaptive thermogenesis on the difference between measured and predicted weight loss in obese women. Obes Facts. 2009;2:105–9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000210369.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nymo S, Coutinho SR, Torgersen LCH, Bomo OJ, Haugvaldstad I, Truby H, et al. Timeline of changes in adaptive physiological responses, at the level of energy expenditure, with progressive weight loss. Br J Nutr. 2018:120:141–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518000922.

Doucet E, Pierre SSt, Alméras N, Mauriège P, Richard D, Tremblay A. Changes in energy expenditure and substrate oxidation resulting from weight loss in obese men and women: is there an important contribution of leptin? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000:85:1550–6. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.85.4.6500.

Schwartz A, Doucet É. Relative changes in resting energy expenditure during weight loss: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2010;11:531–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00654.x.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McLay-Cooke RT, Gray AR, Jones LM, Taylor RW, Skidmore PML, Brown RC. Prediction equations overestimate the energy requirements more for obesity-susceptible individuals. Nutrients. 2017;9:1012. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091012.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Knudsen LB, Lau J. The discovery and development of liraglutide and semaglutide. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:155. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00155.

Article  Google Scholar 

Stefanakis K, Kokkinos A, Argyrakopoulou G, Konstantinidou SK, Simati S, Kouvari M, et al. Circulating levels of proglucagon-derived peptides are differentially regulated by the glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist liraglutide and the centrally acting naltrexone/bupropion and can predict future weight loss and metabolic improvements: a 6-month long interventional study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15141.

Camps SG, Verhoef SP, Westerterp KR. Weight loss, weight maintenance, and adaptive thermogenesis 1, 2, 3. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97:990–4. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.050310.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nymo S, Coutinho SR, Rehfeld JF, Truby H, Kulseng B, Martins C. Physiological predictors of weight regain at 1-year follow-up in weight-reduced adults with obesity. Obesity. 2019;27:925–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22476.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang X, Lyles MF, You T, Berry MJ, Rejeski WJ, NicklasI BJ. Weight regain is related to decreases in physical activity during weight loss. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40:1781–8. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817d8176.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Labayen I, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Lasa A, Simón E, Margareto J. Role of baseline leptin and ghrelin levels on body weight and fat mass changes after an energy-restricted diet intervention in obese women: effects on energy metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:E996-1000. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-3006.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Hajishizari S, Imani H, Mehranfar S, Yekaninejad MS, Mirzababaei A, Clark CCT, et al. The association of appetite and hormones (leptin, ghrelin, and Insulin) with resting metabolic rate in overweight/ obese women: a case–control study. BMC Nutr. 2022;8:37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00531-w. This article studies hormones that regulate hunger and glycemia to RMR.

Salem V, Izzi-Engbeaya C, Coello C, Thomas DB, Chambers ES, Comninos AN, et al. Glucagon increases energy expenditure independently of brown adipose tissue activation in humans. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2016;18:72–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12585.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kleinert M, Sachs S, Habegger KM, Hofmann SM, Müller TD. Glucagon regulation of energy expenditure. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20:5407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215407.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nair KS. Hyperglucagonemia increases resting metabolic rate in man during insulin deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987;64:896–901. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-64-5-896.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tan TM, Field BCT, McCullough KA, Troke RC, Chambers ES, Salem V, et al. Coadministration of glucagon-like peptide-1 during glucagon infusion in humans results in increased energy expenditure and amelioration of hyperglycemia. Diabetes. 2013;62:1131–8. https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-0797.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wynne K, Park AJ, Small CJ, Meeran K, Ghatei MA, Frost GS, et al. Oxyntomodulin increases energy expenditure in addition to decreasing energy intake in overweight and obese humans: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Obes. 2006;30:1729–36. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803344.

Article  CAS 

Comments (0)

No login
gif