Beyond Sterility: the Urinary Microbiome in Bladder Cancer Carcinogenesis and Treatment

Gill E, Perks CM. Mini-review: current bladder cancer treatment-the need for improvement. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(3):1557.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cumberbatch MGK, Jubber I, Black PC, Esperto F, Figueroa JD, Kamat AM, et al. Epidemiology of bladder cancer: a systematic review and contemporary update of risk factors in 2018. Eur Urol. 2018;74(6):784–95.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Souaid T, Hindy JR, Diab E, Kourie HR. Are there monogenic hereditary forms of bladder cancer or only genetic susceptibilities? Pharmacogenomics. 2021;22(10):619–28.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zeegers MP, Tan FE, Dorant E, van Den Brandt PA. The impact of characteristics of cigarette smoking on urinary tract cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Cancer. 2000;89(3):630–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wu X, Ros MM, Gu J, Kiemeney L. Epidemiology and genetic susceptibility to bladder cancer. BJU Int. 2008;102(9 Pt B):1207–15.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Travis LB, Curtis RE, Glimelius B, Holowaty EJ, Van Leeuwen FE, Lynch CF, et al. Bladder and kidney cancer following cyclophosphamide therapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87(7):524–30.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kantor AF, Hartge P, Hoover RN, Narayana AS, Sullivan JW, Fraumeni JF. Urinary tract infection and risk of bladder cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1984;119(4):510–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rosiello G, Palumbo C, Deuker M, Stolzenbach LF, Martin T, Tian Z, et al. Racial differences in the distribution of bladder cancer metastases: a population-based analysis. Cent Eur J Urol. 2020;73(4):407–15.

Google Scholar 

Kandalai S, Li H, Zhang N, Peng H, Zheng Q. The human microbiome and cancer: a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective. Cancer Biol Ther. 2023;24(1):2240084.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Greathouse KL, White JR, Vargas AJ, Bliskovsky VV, Beck JA, Von Muhlinen N, et al. Interaction between the microbiome and TP53 in human lung cancer. Genome Biol. 2018;19(1):123.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang X, He X, Zhong B. Oral microbiota: the overlooked catalyst in cancer initiation and progression. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025;12(13):1479720.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lehouritis P, Cummins J, Stanton M, Murphy CT, McCarthy FO, Reid G, et al. Local bacteria affect the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Sci Rep. 2015;5:14554.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gopalakrishnan V, Spencer CN, Nezi L, Reuben A, Andrews MC, Karpinets TV, et al. Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients. Science. 2018;359(6371):97–103.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bajic P, Wolfe AJ, Gupta GN. The urinary microbiome: implications in bladder cancer pathogenesis and therapeutics. Urology. 2019;126:10–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pederzoli F, Ferrarese R, Amato V, Locatelli I, Alchera E, Lucianò R, et al. Sex-specific alterations in the urinary and tissue microbiome in therapy-naïve urothelial bladder cancer patients. Eur Urol Oncol. 2020;3(6):784–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mansour B, Monyók Á, Gajdács M, Stercz B, Makra N, Pénzes K, et al. Bladder tissue microbiome composition in patients of bladder cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia and related human beta defensin levels. Biomedicines. 2022;10(7):1758.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nadler N, Kvich L, Bjarnsholt T, Jensen JB, Gögenur I, Azawi N. The discovery of bacterial biofilm in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. APMIS. 2021;129(5):265–70.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bučević Popović V, Šitum M, Chow CET, Chan LS, Roje B, Terzić J. The urinary microbiome associated with bladder cancer. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):12157.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nickel JC, Stephens A, Ackerman AL, Anger JT, Lai HH, Ehrlich GD. The healthy urinary microbiome in asymptomatic participants in the MAPP Network Study: Relation to gender, age, and menopausal status. Can Urol Assoc J [Internet]. 2022 Apr 11 [cited 2025 Sept 23];16(9). Available from: https://cuaj.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/7775.

Bilski K, Żeber-Lubecka N, Kulecka M, Dąbrowska M, Bałabas A, Ostrowski J, et al. Microbiome sex-related diversity in non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024;46(4):3595–609.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Parizadeh M, Arrieta MC. The global human gut microbiome: genes, lifestyles, and diet. Trends Mol Med. 2023;29(10):789–801.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dadgar-Zankbar L, Mokhtaryan M, Bafandeh E, Javanmard Z, Asadollahi P, Darbandi T, et al. Microbiome and bladder cancer: the role of probiotics in treatment. Future Microbiol. 2025;20(1):73–90.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Parra-Grande M, Oré-Arce M, Martínez-Priego L, D’Auria G, Rosselló-Mora R, Lillo M, et al. Profiling the bladder microbiota in patients with bladder cancer. Front Microbiol. 2022;7(12):718776.

Article  Google Scholar 

Stewart CJ, Ajami NJ, O’Brien JL, Hutchinson DS, Smith DP, Wong MC, et al. Temporal development of the gut microbiome in early childhood from the TEDDY study. Nature. 2018;562(7728):583–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Heidar NA, Bhat TA, Shabir U, Hussein AA. The urinary microbiome and bladder cancer. Life Basel Switz. 2023;13(3):812.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Takeuchi O, Akira S. Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation. Cell. 2010;140(6):805–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li D, Wu M. Pattern recognition receptors in health and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6(1):291.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Greten FR, Grivennikov SI. Inflammation and cancer: triggers, mechanisms, and consequences. Immunity. 2019;51(1):27–41.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sivan A, Corrales L, Hubert N, Williams JB, Aquino-Michaels K, Earley ZM, et al. Commensal Bifidobacterium promotes antitumor immunity and facilitates anti–PD-L1 efficacy. Science. 2015;350(6264):1084–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Routy B, Le Chatelier E, Derosa L, Duong CPM, Alou MT, Daillère R, et al. Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1–based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors. Science. 2018;359(6371):91–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Iida N, Dzutsev A, Stewart CA, Smith L, Bouladoux N, Weingarten RA, et al. Commensal bacteria control cancer response to therapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Science. 2013;342(6161):967–70.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rooks MG, Garrett WS. Gut microbiota, metabolites and host immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016;16(6):341–52.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central 

Comments (0)

No login
gif