Armand, M. & Tarascon, J.-M. Building better batteries. Nature 451, 652–657 (2008).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Dunn, B., Kamath, H. & Tarascon, J.-M. Electrical energy storage for the grid: a battery of choices. Science 334, 928–935 (2011).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Goodenough, J. B. & Park, K.-S. The Li-ion rechargeable battery: a perspective. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 1167–1176 (2013).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Liu, Z., Yu, A. & Lee, J. Y. Synthesis and characterization of LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2 as the cathode materials of secondary lithium batteries. J. Power Sources 81-82, 416–419 (1999).
Padhi, A. K., Nanjundaswamy, K. S. & Goodenough, J. B. Phospho-olivines as positive-electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 144, 1188 (1997).
Whittingham, M. S. Electrical energy storage and intercalation chemistry. Science 192, 1126–1127 (1976).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Mizushima, K., Jones, P. C., Wiseman, P. J. & Goodenough, J. B. LixCoO2 (0<x<−1): a new cathode material for batteries of high energy density. Mater. Res. Bull. 15, 783–789 (1980).
Ozawa, K. Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries with LiCoO2 and carbon electrodes: the LiCoO2/C system. Solid State Ion. 69, 212–221 (1994).
Zhong, Q., Bonakdarpour, A., Zhang, M., Gao, Y. & Dahn, J. R. Synthesis and electrochemistry of LiNixMn2−xO4. J. Electrochem. Soc. 144, 205 (1997).
Thackeray, M. M., David, W. I. F., Bruce, P. G. & Goodenough, J. B. Lithium insertion into manganese spinels. Mater. Res. Bull. 18, 461–472 (1983).
Friedrich, F. et al. Editors’ choice—capacity fading mechanisms of NCM-811 cathodes in lithium-ion batteries studied by X-ray diffraction and other diagnostics. J. Electrochem. Soc. 166, A3760 (2019).
Ryu, H.-H., Park, K.-J., Yoon, C. S. & Sun, Y.-K. Capacity fading of Ni-rich Li[NixCoyMn1−x−y]O2 (0.6≤x≤0.95) cathodes for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries: bulk or surface degradation? Chem. Mater. 30, 1155–1163 (2018).
Xu, C. et al. Bulk fatigue induced by surface reconstruction in layered Ni-rich cathodes for Li-ion batteries. Nat. Mater. 20, 84–92 (2021).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wang, Q. et al. Chemical short-range disorder in lithium oxide cathodes. Nature 629, 341–347 (2024).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Xu, H. et al. Guiding the design of heterogeneous electrode microstructures for Li-ion batteries: microscopic imaging, predictive modeling, and machine learning. Adv. Energy Mater. 11, 2003908 (2021).
Zhang, J.-N. et al. Trace doping of multiple elements enables stable battery cycling of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V. Nat. Energy 4, 594–603 (2019).
Xu, Z. et al. Charge distribution guided by grain crystallographic orientations in polycrystalline battery materials. Nat. Commun. 11, 83 (2020).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kang, S., Lee, S., Lee, H. & Kang, Y.-M. Manipulating disorder within cathodes of alkali-ion batteries. Nat. Rev. Chem. 8, 587–604 (2024).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Zhu, Y. & Wu, X. Heterostructured materials. Prog. Mater. Sci. 131, 101019 (2023).
Wu, X. & Zhu, Y. Heterogeneous materials: a new class of materials with unprecedented mechanical properties. Mater. Res. Lett. 5, 527–532 (2017).
Ashby, M. F. The deformation of plastically non-homogeneous materials. Philos. Mag. 21, 399–424 (1970).
Bender, T. A., Dabrowski, J. A. & Gagné, M. R. Homogeneous catalysis for the production of low-volume, high-value chemicals from biomass. Nat. Rev. Chem. 2, 35–46 (2018).
Copéret, C., Chabanas, M., Petroff Saint-Arroman, R. & Basset, J.-M. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis: bridging the gap through surface organometallic chemistry. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 42, 156–181 (2003).
Yao, Z. et al. Homogeneous/inhomogeneous-structured dielectrics and their energy-storage performances. Adv. Mater. 29, 1601727 (2017).
Wang, Y., Waterhouse, G. I. N., Shang, L. & Zhang, T. Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide: from homogeneous to heterogeneous electrocatalysis. Adv. Energy Mater. 11, 2003323 (2021).
McDowell, D. L. Viscoplasticity of heterogeneous metallic materials. Mater. Sci. Eng. R Rep. 62, 67–123 (2008).
Ma, E. & Zhu, T. Towards strength–ductility synergy through the design of heterogeneous nanostructures in metals. Mater. Today 20, 323–331 (2017).
Sathiyamoorthi, P. & Kim, H. S. High-entropy alloys with heterogeneous microstructure: processing and mechanical properties. Prog. Mater. Sci. 123, 100709 (2022).
Yang, Y. et al. Quantification of heterogeneous degradation in Li-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 9, 1900674 (2019).
Pandya, R. et al. Three-dimensional operando optical imaging of particle and electrolyte heterogeneities inside Li-ion batteries. Nat. Nanotechnol. 18, 1185–1194 (2023).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Liu, H. et al. Capturing metastable structures during high-rate cycling of LiFePO4 nanoparticle electrodes. Science 344, 1252817 (2014).
Suresh, S. Graded materials for resistance to contact deformation and damage. Science 292, 2447–2451 (2001).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hyooma, H. & Hayashi, K. Crystal structures of La3Li5M2O12 (M=Nb, Ta). Mater. Res. Bull. 23, 1399–1407 (1988).
Murugan, R., Thangadurai, V. & Weppner, W. Fast lithium ion conduction in garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 7778–7781 (2007).
Rossen, E., Reimers, J. N. & Dahn, J. R. Synthesis and electrochemistry of spinel LT LiCoO2. Solid State Ion. 62, 53–60 (1993).
Maiyalagan, T., Jarvis, K. A., Therese, S., Ferreira, P. J. & Manthiram, A. Spinel-type lithium cobalt oxide as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions. Nat. Commun. 5, 3949 (2014).
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Maier, J. Review—battery materials: why defect chemistry? J. Electrochem. Soc. 162, A2380 (2015).
Comments (0)