Inoue M, Kadonosono K (2014) Macular diseases: epiretinal membrane. Dev Ophthalmol 54:159–163. https://doi.org/10.1159/000360462

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Klein R, Klein BE, Wang Q, Moss SE (1994) The epidemiology of epiretinal membranes. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 92:403–425

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mitchell P, Smith W, Chey T, Wang JJ, Chang A (1997) Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes. the blue mountains eye study, Australia. Ophthalmology 104(6):1033–1040. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30190-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fong CS, Mitchell P, Rochtchina E, Hong T, de Loryn T, Wang JJ (2013) Incidence and progression of epiretinal membranes in eyes after cataract surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 156(2):312-318.e311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2013.03.022

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stevenson W, Prospero Ponce CM, Agarwal DR, Gelman R, Christoforidis JB (2016) Epiretinal membrane: optical coherence tomography-based diagnosis and classification. Clin Ophthalmol 10:527–534. https://doi.org/10.2147/opth.S97722

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fung AT, Galvin J, Tran T (2021) Epiretinal membrane: a review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 49(3):289–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.13914

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ng CH, Cheung N, Wang JJ, Islam AF, Kawasaki R, Meuer SM, Cotch MF, Klein BE, Klein R, Wong TY (2011) Prevalence and risk factors for epiretinal membranes in a multi-ethnic United States population. Ophthalmology 118(4):694–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.009

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Foos RY (1974) Vitreoretinal juncture–simple epiretinal membranes. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 189(4):231–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02384852

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Smiddy WE, Maguire AM, Green WR, Michels RG, de la Cruz Z, Enger C, Jaeger M, Rice TA (1989) Idiopathic epiretinal membranes. Ultrastructural characteristics and clinicopathologic correlation. Ophthalmology 96(6):811–820. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32811-9

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lange C, Boneva S, Wieghofer P, Sebag J (2024) Hyalocytes-guardians of the vitreoretinal interface. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 262(9):2765–2784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-024-06448-3

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tsukahara M, Mori K, Gehlbach PL, Mori K (2018) Posterior vitreous detachment as observed by wide-angle OCT imaging. Ophthalmology 125(9):1372–1383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.02.039

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wu M, Ren X, Chen Y, Chen L, Lian H, Li H, Li Q, Zheng B (2023) Pathologic study of untreated intraretinal gliosis surgically excised via pars plana vitrectomy. Retina 43(7):1143–1149. https://doi.org/10.1097/iae.0000000000003777

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Quarta A, Zeppa L, Ruggeri ML, Gironi M, Aharrh-Gnama A, Di Nicola M, Porreca A, Matarazzo F, Toto L, Mastropasqua R (2025) The role of gliosis in idiopathic epiretinal membranes: new insights. Retina 45(6):1117–1124. https://doi.org/10.1097/iae.0000000000004429

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schumann RG, Gandorfer A, Ziada J, Scheler R, Schaumberger MM, Wolf A, Kampik A, Haritoglou C (2014) Hyalocytes in idiopathic epiretinal membranes: a correlative light and electron microscopic study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 252(12):1887–1894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-014-2841-x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Verma A, Bacci T, Sarraf D, Freund KB, Sadda SR (2021) Vortex vein imaging: what can it tell us? Clin Ophthalmol 15:3321–3331. https://doi.org/10.2147/opth.S324245

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Govetto A, Lalane RA 3rd, Sarraf D, Figueroa MS, Hubschman JP (2017) Insights into epiretinal membranes: presence of ectopic inner foveal layers and a new optical coherence tomography staging scheme. Am J Ophthalmol 175:99–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2016.12.006

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

da Silva RA, Roda VMP, Matsuda M, Siqueira PV, Lustoza-Costa GJ, Wu DC, Hamassaki DE (2022) Cellular components of the idiopathic epiretinal membrane. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 260(5):1435–1444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-021-05492-7

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Navneet S, Wilson K, Rohrer B (2024) Müller glial cells in the macula: their activation and cell-cell interactions in age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 65(2):42. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.65.2.42

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Creveling CJ, Colter J, Coats B (2018) Changes in vitreoretinal adhesion with age and region in human and sheep eyes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 6:153. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00153

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bringmann A, Wiedemann P (2009) Involvement of Müller glial cells in epiretinal membrane formation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 247(7):865–883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-009-1082-x

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schumann RG, Gandorfer A, Kampik A, Haritoglou C (2015) Klinisch-pathologische Korrelationen an der vitreoretinalen Grenzfläche [Clinicopathological correlations at the vitreoretinal interface]. Ophthalmologe 112(1):20–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-014-3049-5

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ponsioen TL, Hooymans JM, Los LI (2010) Remodelling of the human vitreous and vitreoretinal interface–a dynamic process. Prog Retin Eye Res 29(6):580–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2010.07.001

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Repetto R, Tatone A, Testa A, Colangeli E (2011) Traction on the retina induced by saccadic eye movements in the presence of posterior vitreous detachment. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 10(2):191–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-010-0226-6

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fortune B (2019) Pulling and tugging on the retina: mechanical impact of glaucoma beyond the optic nerve head. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 60(1):26–35. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-25837

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jo AO, Lakk M, Rudzitis CN, Križaj D (2022) TRPV4 and TRPC1 channels mediate the response to tensile strain in mouse Müller cells. Cell Calcium 104:102588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102588

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rizzo S, de Angelis L, Barca F, Bacherini D, Vannozzi L, Giansanti F, Faraldi F, Caporossi T (2022) Vitreoschisis and retinal detachment: new insight in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol 32(5):2833–2839. https://doi.org/10.1177/11206721211057672

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cho EH, Ku HC, Il W, Lee EK (2018) Residual vitreous cortex at the fovea during vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair. Retina 38(8):1549–1555. https://doi.org/10.1097/iae.0000000000001734

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Quarta A, Toto L, Ruggeri ML, Porreca A, Aharrh-Gnama A, Zeppa L, Motta L, Gironi M, Di Nicola M, Mastropasqua R (2025) Preretinal abnormal tissue before and after pars plana vitrectomy in macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a multimodal imaging study. Br J Ophthalmol 109(6):697–703. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2024-326442

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar