Adolescent pregnancy is a significant public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). According to recent estimates, about 21 million girls aged 15–19 in developing regions become pregnant each year, with roughly 50% of these pregnancies being unintended. It has serious health, social, and economic effects, making it essential to address the root causes and impacts of adolescent pregnancy. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the scope of the problem, the context in which teenage pregnancies occur, and the global response to this critical issue. In the Indian context, the call for action requires strengthening legal frameworks against child marriage, expansion of comprehensive sexuality education (CSE), and scale-up of adolescent-friendly health services.