Smith AGG, Rowland Hill C (2018) Imaging assessment of acute ischaemic stroke: a review of radiological methods. Br J Radiol 91:1–11

Google Scholar 

Giammello F, De Martino SRM, Simonetti L et al (2022) Predictive value of Tmax perfusion maps on final core in acute ischemic stroke: an observational single-center study. Radiol Med. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-022-01467-8

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Olivot JM, Mlynash M, Thijs VN et al (2009) Optimal Tmax threshold for predicting penumbral tissue in acute stroke. Stroke 40:469–475

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Campbell BCV, Christensen S, Levi CR et al (2011) Cerebral blood flow is the optimal CT perfusion parameter for assessing infarct core. Stroke 42:3435–3440

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T et al (2018) 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke ;49:e46–110

Puig J, Shankar J, Liebeskind D et al (2020) From time is brain to imaging is brain: a paradigm shift in the management of acute ischemic stroke. J Neuroimaging 30:562–571

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Campbell BCV, Majoie CBLM, Albers GW et al (2019) Penumbral imaging and functional outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy versus medical therapy: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data. Lancet Neurol 18:46–55

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schellinger PD, Bryan RN, Caplan LR (2010) Evidence-based guideline: the role of diffusion and perfusion MRI for the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. Chin J Cerebrovasc Dis 7:668–672

Google Scholar 

Goyal M, Ospel JM, Menon B et al (2020) Challenging the ischemic core concept in acute ischemic stroke imaging. Stroke 51:3147–3155

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Provost C, Soudant M, Legrand L et al (2019) Magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography before treatment in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 50:659–664

PubMed  Google Scholar 

You S-H, Kim B, Kim BK et al (2021) Fast MRI in acute ischemic stroke: applications of MRI acceleration techniques for MR-based comprehensive stroke imaging. Investig Magn Reson Imaging 25:81

Google Scholar 

Nael K, Khan R, Choudhary G et al (2014) Six-minute magnetic resonance imaging protocol for evaluation of acute ischemic stroke: pushing the boundaries. Stroke 45:1985–1991

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Eisenmenger LB, Peret A, Roberts GS et al (2023) Focused abbreviated survey MRI protocols for brain and spine imaging. Radiographics. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.220147

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chalela JA, Alsop DC, Gonzalez-Atavales JB et al (2000) Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke using continuous arterial spin labeling. Stroke 31:680–687

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Vymazal J, Rulseh AM, Keller J et al (2012) Comparison of CT and MR imaging in ischemic stroke. Insights Imaging 3:619–627

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zaidat OO, Yoo AJ, Khatri P et al (2013) Recommendations on angiographic revascularization grading standards for acute ischemic stroke: a consensus statement. Stroke 44:2650–2663

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Goyal M, Fargen KM, Turk AS et al (2014) 2C or not 2C: defining an improved revascularization grading scale and the need for standardization of angiography outcomes in stroke trials. J Neurointerv Surg 6(2):83

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lindner T, Bolar DS, Achten E et al (2023) Current state and guidance on arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI in clinical neuroimaging. Magn Reson Med 89:2024–2047

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wolf JJHB, Foster-Dingley JC, Moonen JE et al (2016) Unilateral fetal-type circle of Willis anatomy causes right–left asymmetry in cerebral blood flow with pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling: a limitation of arterial spin labeling-based cerebral blood flow measurements? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 36:1570

Google Scholar 

Hermier M, Nighoghossian N (2004) Contribution of susceptibility-weighted imaging to acute stroke assessment. Stroke 35:1989–1994

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aracki-Trenkic A, Law-ye B, Radovanovic Z et al (2020) ASL perfusion in acute ischemic stroke: the value of CBF in outcome prediction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 194:105908–105908

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Barber PA, Hill MD, Eliasziw M et al (2005) Imaging of the brain in acute ischaemic stroke: comparison of computed tomography and magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76:1528–1533

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Anon (2002) The SITS Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST) Final Protocol. [Epub ahead of print]

Sidney Siegel, John Castellan N Jr (1992) Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. McGraw-Hill 51:51

Google Scholar 

Grade M, Hernandez Tamames JA, Pizzini FB et al (2015) A neuroradiologist’s guide to arterial spin labeling MRI in clinical practice. Neuroradiology 57:1181–1202

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zaharchuk G, El Mogy IS, Fischbein NJ et al (2012) Comparison of arterial spin labeling and bolus perfusion-weighted imaging for detecting mismatch in acute stroke. Stroke 43:1843

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang DJJ, Alger JR, Qiao JX et al (2012) The value of arterial spin-labeled perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke: comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI. Stroke 43:1018–1024

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bokkers RPH, Hernandez DA, Merino JG et al (2012) Whole-brain arterial spin labeling perfusion MR imaging in patients with acute stroke. Stroke 43:1290

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bivard A, Krishnamurthy V, Stanwell P et al (2014) Arterial spin labeling versus bolus-tracking perfusion in hyperacute stroke. Stroke 45:127–133

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang DJJ, Alger JR, Qiao JX et al (2013) Multi-delay multi-parametric arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI in acute ischemic stroke — comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced perfusion imaging. NeuroImage: Clinical 3:1–7

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang K, Shou Q, Ma SJ et al Deep Learning Detection of Penumbral Tissue on Arterial Spin Labeling in Stroke. Stroke https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027457

Bonney PA, Walcott BP, Singh P et al (2019) The continued role and value of imaging for acute ischemic stroke. Clin Neurosurg 85:S23–30

Google Scholar 

Mangiafico S, Consoli A, Renieri L et al (2013) Semi-quantitative and qualitative evaluation of Pial leptomeningeal collateral circulation in acute ischemic stroke of the anterior circulation: the careggi collateral score. Ital J Anat Embryol 118:277–287

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Clement P, Mutsaerts HJ, Václavů L et al (2018) Variability of physiological brain perfusion in healthy subjects – a systematic review of modifiers. Considerations for multi-center ASL studies. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 38:1418–1437

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Verbree J, van Osch MJP (2018) Influence of the cardiac cycle on pCASL: cardiac triggering of the end-of-labeling. Magn Reson Mater Phys Biol Med 31:223–233

Google Scholar 

Krishnaswamy D, Cannane S, Nedunchelian M et al (2022) Predicting imaging outcomes in acute stroke Therapy—Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. J Clin Interv Radiol ISVIR 06:083–089

Google Scholar 

Schellinger PD, Bryan RN, Caplan LR et al (2010) Evidence-based guideline: the role of diffusion and perfusion MRI for the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke: report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American academy of neurology. Neurology 75:177–185

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nazari-Farsani S, Yu Y, Armindo RD et al (2023) Predicting final ischemic stroke lesions from initial diffusion-weighted images using a deep neural network. NeuroImage: Clinical 37:103278

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Haussen DC, Nogueira RG, Elhammady MS et al (2016) Infarct growth despite full reperfusion in endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke. J Neurointerv Surg 8:117–121

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Regenhardt RW, Etherton MR, Das AS et al (2021) Infarct growth despite endovascular thrombectomy recanalization in large vessel occlusive stroke. J Neuroimaging 31(1):155–164

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hussein HM, Saleem MA, Qureshi AI (2018) Rates and predictors of futile recanalization in patients undergoing endovascular treatment in a multicenter clinical trial. Neuroradiology 60:557–563

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Meinel TR, Kaesmacher J, Mosimann PJ et al (2020) Association of initial imaging modality and futile recanalization after thrombectomy. Neurology 95:E2331–E2342

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Najm M, Al-Ajlan FS, Boesen ME et al (2018) Defining CT perfusion thresholds for infarction in the golden hour and with ultra-early reperfusion. Can J Neurol Sci 45:339–342

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alawneh JA, Jones PS, Mikkelsen IK et al (2011) Infarction of non-core-non-penumbral tissue after stroke: multivariate modelling of clinical impact. Brain 134:1765–1776

PubMed  Google Scholar