Bray F, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Cancer J Clin 2024;74(3):229–263

Article  Google Scholar 

Bray F, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Cancer J Clin 2018;68(6):394–424

Article  Google Scholar 

de Martel C, et al. Global burden of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: a worldwide incidence analysis. Lancet Glob Health 2020;8(2):e180–e190

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rumgay H, et al. Global, regional and national burden of primary liver cancer by subtype. Eur J Cancer 2022;161:108–118

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Marengo A, et al. Liver cancer: connections with obesity, fatty liver, and cirrhosis. Annu Rev Med 2016;67(1):103–117

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang DQ, et al. Global epidemiology of NAFLD-related HCC: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;18(4):223–238

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Thomas JA, et al. Hepatocellular and extrahepatic cancer risk in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024;9(2):159–169

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang DQ, et al. Changing global epidemiology of liver cancer from 2010 to 2019: NASH is the fastest growing cause of liver cancer. Cell Metab 2022;34(7):969-977 (e2)

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Park JW, et al. Global patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma management from diagnosis to death: the BRIDGE study. Liver Int 2015;35(9):2155–2166

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cheng A-L, et al. Updated efficacy and safety data from IMbrave150: atezolizumab plus bevacizumab vs. sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2022;76(4):862–873

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Abou-Alfa GK, et al. Tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. NEJM Evidence 2022. https://doi.org/10.1056/EVIDoa2100070

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sangro B, et al. Four-year overall survival update from the phase III HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2024;35(5):448–457

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gordan JD, et al. Systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: ASCO guideline update. J Clin Oncol 2024;42(15):1830–1850

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Finn RS, et al. Pembrolizumab as second-line therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in KEYNOTE-240: a randomized, double-blind, phase III Trial. J Clin Oncol 2020;38(3):193–202

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Qin S, Chen Z, Fang W, Ren Z, Xu R, Ryoo B-Y, et al. Pembrolizumab versus placebo as second-line therapy in patients from Asia with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 2023;41(7):1434–1443

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sas Z, et al. Tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities for new treatment options. Int J Mol Sci 2022;23(7):3778

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhang Z, et al. Cuproptosis-related risk score predicts prognosis and characterizes the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022;11(13): 925618

Article  Google Scholar 

Sun R-X, et al. GPC3-targeted CAR-T cells expressing GLUT1 or AGK exhibit enhanced antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024;45(9):1937–1950

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Y, et al. Identification of prognostic risk model based on plasma cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma through single-cell sequencing analysis. Front Genet 2024;27(15):1363197

Article  Google Scholar 

Ruf B, et al. Tumor-associated macrophages trigger MAIT cell dysfunction at the HCC invasive margin. Cell 2023;186(17):3686–3705 (e32)

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ma C, et al. Pan-cancer spatially resolved single-cell analysis reveals the crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2023;22(1):170

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cords L, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblast classification in single-cell and spatial proteomics data. Nat Commun 2023;14(1):4294

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kasashima H, et al. Bone marrow-derived stromal cells are associated with gastric cancer progression. Br J Cancer 2015;113(3):443–452

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Park D, et al. SnapShot: cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cell 2020;181(2):486-486 (e1)

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen B, et al. The molecular classification of cancer-associated fibroblasts on a pan-cancer single-cell transcriptional atlas. Clin Transl Med 2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.1516

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhou Y, et al. Pan-cancer analysis of oncogenic role of RAD54L and experimental validation in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2023;16:3997–4017

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ito S, et al. Characterisation of colorectal cancer by hierarchical clustering analyses for five stroma-related markers. J Pathol 2024;10(4): e12386

CAS  Google Scholar 

Murai H, et al. Multiomics identifies the link between intratumor steatosis and the exhausted tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2023;77(1):77–91

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang X, et al. Fibroblast activation protein promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating the immunity. Cell Biol Int 2024;48(5):577–593

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Eun JW, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived secreted phosphoprotein 1 contributes to resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib and lenvatinib. Cancer Commun 2023;43(4):455–479

Article  Google Scholar 

Minini M, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and extracellular matrix: therapeutical strategies for modulating the cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment. Curr Oncol 2023;30(4):4185–4196

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lee J, et al. Fibroblast activation protein activated antifibrotic peptide delivery attenuates fibrosis in mouse models of liver fibrosis. Nat Commun 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29186-8

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gao J, et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cell subpopulations in the tumor microenvironment contributing to hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023;2(11):1194199

Article  Google Scholar 

Yang J, et al. Vascular mimicry formation is promoted by paracrine TGF-β and SDF1 of cancer-associated fibroblasts and inhibited by miR-101 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2016;383(1):18–27