Sport Australia. AusPlay survey 2021. https://www.clearinghouseforsport.gov.au. Accessed 18 Feb 2022.
Statista. Number of athletes competing at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics in Japan as of July 2021, by gender. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1254529/japan-number-athletes-competing-tokyo-2020-olympics-by-gender/. Accessed 18 Feb 2022.
Statista. Number of NCAA student athletes in the United States in 2020, by gender. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1098761/student-athletes-by-gender/. Accessed 23 Mar 2022.
Sport Australia. AusPlay survey 2016. https://www.clearinghouseforsport.gov.au. Accessed 18 Feb 2022.
National Collegiate Athletics Association. Number of NCAA college athletes climbs again. https://www.ncaa.org/news/2015/10/29/number-of-ncaa-college-athletes-climbs-again.aspx. Accessed 23 Mar 2022.
Statista. Share of female participants in the Olympic Summer Games from 1900 to 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/531146/women-participants-in-olympic-summer-games/. Accessed 18 Feb 2022.
Forsyth J, Roberts CM, editors. The exercising female: science and its application. 1st ed. London: Routledge; 2018.
Miles KH, Clark B, Fowler PM, Miller J, Pumpa KL. Sleep practices implemented by team sport coaches and sports science support staff: a potential avenue to improve athlete sleep? J Sci Med Sport. 2019;22(7):748–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2019.01.008.
Juliff LE, Halson SL, Hebert JJ, Forsyth PL, Peiffer JJ. Longer sleep durations are positively associated with finishing place during a national multiday netball competition. J Strength Cond Res. 2018;32(1):189–94. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000001793.
Hamlin MJ, Deuchrass RW, Olsen PD, Choukri MA, Marshall HC, Lizamore CA, et al. The effect of sleep quality and quantity on athlete’s health and perceived training quality. Front Sports Act Living. 2021;3: 705650. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.705650.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L, et al. National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health. 2015;1(1):40–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2014.12.010.
Spiegel K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. Lancet. 1999;354(9188):1435–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01376-8.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Mejri M, Hammouda O, Chaouachi A, Zouaoui K, Rayana MB, Souissi N. Effects of two types of partial sleep deprivation on hematological responses during intermittent exercise: a pilot study. Sci Sports. 2014;29(5):266–74.
Maquet P. The role of sleep in learning and memory. Science. 2001;294(5544):1048–52.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Watson A, Brickson S. Impaired sleep mediates the negative effects of training load on subjective well-being in female youth athletes. Sports Health. 2018;10(3):244–9.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Andrade A, Bevilacqua GG, Coimbra DR, Pereira FS, Brandt R. Sleep quality, mood and performance: a study of elite Brazilian volleyball athletes. J Sports Sci Med. 2016;15(4):601–5.
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sufrinko A, Johnson EW, Henry LC. The influence of sleep duration and sleep-related symptoms on baseline neurocognitive performance among male and female high school athletes. Neuropsychology. 2016;30(4):484–91. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000250.
Hajsalem M, Chtourou H, Aloui A, Hammouda O, Souissi N. Effects of partial sleep deprivation at the end of the night on anaerobic performances in judokas. Biol Rhythm Res. 2013;44(5):815–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2012.756282.
Mougin F, Simon-Rigaud ML, Davenne D, Renaud A, Garnier A, Kantelip JP, et al. Effects of sleep disturbances on subsequent physical performance. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1991;63(2):77–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00235173.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Vlahoyiannis A, Aphamis G, Bogdanis GC, Sakkas GK, Andreou E, Giannaki CD. Deconstructing athletes’ sleep: a systematic review of the influence of age, sex, athletic expertise, sport type, and season on sleep characteristics. J Sport Health Sci. 2021;10(4):387–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.03.006.
Roberts SSH, Teo W-P, Warmington SA. Effects of training and competition on the sleep of elite athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2019;53(8):513–22. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099322.
Gratwicke M, Miles KH, Pyne DB, Pumpa KL, Clark B. Nutritional interventions to improve sleep in team-sport athletes: a narrative review. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1586. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051586.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bonnar D, Bartel K, Kakoschke N, Lang C. Sleep interventions designed to improve athletic performance and recovery: a systematic review of current approaches. Sports Med. 2018;48(3):683–703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0832-x.
Duffy JF, Cain SW, Chang AM, Phillips AJK, Munch MY, Gronfier C, et al. Sex difference in the near-24-hour intrinsic period of the human circadian timing system. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2011;108(S3):15602–8. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010666108.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cain SW, Dennison CF, Zeitzer JM, Guzik AM, Khalsa SBS, Santhi N, et al. Sex differences in phase angle of entrainment and melatonin amplitude in humans. J Biol Rhythms. 2010;25(4):288–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748730410374943.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Johnson EO, Roth T, Schultz L, Breslau N. Epidemiology of DSM-IV insomnia in adolescence: lifetime prevalence, chronicity, and an emergent gender difference. Pediatrics. 2006;117(2):247–56. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-2629.
Bezerra AG, Andersen ML, Pires GN, Banzoli CV, Polesel DN, Tufik S, et al. Hormonal contraceptive use and subjective sleep reports in women: an online survey. J Sleep Res. 2020;29(6): e12983. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12983.
Guida M, Rega A, Vivone I, Saccone G, Sarno L, Di Carlo C, et al. Variations in sleep associated with different types of hormonal contraceptives. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2020;36(2):166–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2019.1640204.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Insana SP, Montgomery-Downs HE. Sleep and sleepiness among first-time postpartum parents: a field- and laboratory-based multimethod assessment. Dev Psychobiol. 2013;55(4):361–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21040.
Beersma DGM, Gordijn MCM. Circadian control of the sleep–wake cycle. Physiol Behav. 2007;90(2–3):190–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.010.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Carskadon MA, Dement WC. Normal human sleep: an overview. In: Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC, editors. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. 5th ed. St Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2005.
Frank MG, Benington JH. The role of sleep in memory consolidation and brain plasticity: dream or reality? Neuroscientist. 2006;12(6):477–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858406293552.
Van Cauter E, Plat L, Copinschi G. Interrelations between sleep and the somatotropic axis. Sleep. 1998;21(6):553–66.
Ryan T, Mlynczak S, Erickson T, Man SP, Man GC. Oxygen consumption during sleep: influence of sleep stage and time of night. Sleep. 1989;12(3):201–10.
Tononi G, Cirelli C. Sleep and the price of plasticity: from synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration. Neuron. 2014;81(1):12–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.025.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Vandekerckhove M, Wang Y-L. Emotion, emotion regulation and sleep: an intimate relationship. AIMS Neurosci. 2017;5(1):1–17. https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2018.1.1.
Patel AK, Reddy V, Araujo JF. Physiology, sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet]. 2021.
Hrozanova M, Klöckner CA, Sandbakk Ø, Pallesen S, Moen F. Sex differences in sleep and influence of the menstrual cycle on women’s sleep in junior endurance athletes. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(6): e0253376. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253376.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Carter JR, Gervais BM, Adomeit JL, Greenlund IM. Subjective and objective sleep differ in male and female collegiate athletes. Sleep Health. 2020;6(5):623–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2020.01.016.
Silva A, Narciso FV, Rosa JP, Rodrigues DF, Cruz AÂDS, Tufik S, et al. Gender differences in sleep patterns and sleep complaints of elite athletes. Sleep Sci. 2019;12(4):242–8. https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-0063.20190084.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sargent C, Lastella M, Halson SL, Roach GD. How much sleep does an elite athlete need? Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0896.
Halson S, Johnston R, Appaneal R, Rogers M, Toohey L, Drew M, et al. Sleep quality in elite athletes: normative values, reliability and understanding contributors to poor sleep. Sports Med. 2022;52(2):417–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01555-1.
Comments (0)