Aguiar de Sousa D, von Martial R, Abilleira S, Gattringer T, Kobayashi A, Gallofré M et al (2019) Access to and delivery of acute ischaemic stroke treatments: a survey of national scientific societies and stroke experts in 44 European countries. Europ Stroke J 4(1):13–28

Article  Google Scholar 

Bao W-D, Zhou X-T, Zhou L-T, Wang F, Yin X, Lu Y et al (2020) Targeting miR-124/Ferroportin signaling ameliorated neuronal cell death through inhibiting apoptosis and ferroptosis in aged intracerebral hemorrhage murine model. Aging Cell. 19(11):e13235. https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13235

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Benjamin EJ, Blaha MJ, Chiuve SE, Cushman M, Das SR, Deo R et al (2017) Heart disease and stroke statistics-2017 update: a report from the american heart association. Circulation 135(10):e146–e603. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000485

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bhowmick S, D’Mello V, Caruso D, Abdul-Muneer PM (2019) Traumatic brain injury-induced downregulation of Nrf2 activates inflammatory response and apoptotic cell death. J Mol Med (berl) 97(12):1627–1641. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-019-01851-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bidmon HJ, Emde B, Oermann E, Kubitz R, Witte OW, Zilles K (2001) Heme oxygenase-1 (HSP-32) and heme oxygenase-2 induction in neurons and glial cells of cerebral regions and its relation to iron accumulation after focal cortical photothrombosis. Exp Neurol 168(1):1–22. https://doi.org/10.1006/exnr.2000.7456

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bogdan AR, Miyazawa M, Hashimoto K, Tsuji Y (2016) Regulators of iron homeostasis: new players in metabolism, cell death, and disease. Trends Biochem Sci 41(3):274–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2015.11.012

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brown CW, Amante JJ, Chhoy P, Elaimy AL, Liu H, Zhu LJ et al (2019) Prominin2 drives ferroptosis resistance by stimulating iron export. Dev Cell 51(5):575–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2019.10.007

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cataneo AHD, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, Miranda-Sapla MM, Assolini JP, Panis C, Kian D, et al. (2019). Quercetin promotes antipromastigote effect by increasing the ROS production and anti-amastigote by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 expression, affecting iron availability. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108745.

Chang C-Y, Kuan Y-H, Li J-R, Chen W-Y, Ou Y-C, Pan H-C et al (2013) Docosahexaenoic acid reduces cellular inflammatory response following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J Nutr Biochem 24(12):2127–2137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.08.004

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen L, Li X, Liu L, Yu B, Xue Y, Liu Y (2015) Erastin sensitizes glioblastoma cells to temozolomide by restraining xCT and cystathionine-gamma-lyase function. Oncol Rep 33(3):1465–1474. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3712

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen J, Yang L, Geng L, He J, Chen L, Sun Q et al (2021) Inhibition of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 facilitates neurological recovery after stroke by regulation ferroptosis. Frontiers Cellular Neurosci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.632354

Article  Google Scholar 

Chen G-H, Song C-C, Pantopoulos K, Wei X-L, Zheng H, Luo Z (2022) Mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated Fe-induced ferroptosis via the NRF2-ARE pathway. Free Radical Biol Med 180:95–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.012

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Clarke JD, Hsu A, Williams DE, Dashwood RH, Stevens JF, Yamamoto M et al (2011) Metabolism and tissue distribution of sulforaphane in Nrf2 knockout and wild-type mice. Pharm Res 28(12):3171–3179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-011-0500-z

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Conrad M, Kagan VE, Bayir H, Pagnussat GC, Head B, Traber MG et al (2018) Regulation of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in diverse species. Genes Dev 32(9–10):602–619. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.314674.118

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dayalan Naidu S, Kostov RV, Dinkova-Kostova AT (2015) Transcription factors Hsf1 and Nrf2 engage in crosstalk for cytoprotection. Trends Pharmacol Sci 36(1):6–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2014.10.011

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dietrich RB, Bradley WG (1988) Iron accumulation in the basal ganglia following severe ischemic-anoxic insults in children. Radiology 168(1):203–206

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, Skouta R, Zaitsev EM, Gleason CE et al (2012) Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell 149(5):1060–1072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.042

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dodson M, Castro-Portuguez R, Zhang DD (2019) NRF2 plays a critical role in mitigating lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Redox Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2019.101107

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Doll S, Proneth B, Tyurina YY, Panzilius E, Kobayashi S, Ingold I et al (2017) ACSL4 dictates ferroptosis sensitivity by shaping cellular lipid composition. Nat Chem Biol 13(1):91–98. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.2239

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Doll S, Freitas FP, Shah R, Aldrovandi M, da Silva MC, Ingold I et al (2019) FSP1 is a glutathione-independent ferroptosis suppressor. Nature 575(7784):693–698. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1707-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Esteras N, Abramov AY (2022) Nrf2 as a regulator of mitochondrial function: energy metabolism and beyond. Free Radical Biol Med 189:136–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.013

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Fan QY, Qiu Z, Zhang XD (2019) Influences of urinary kallidinogenase on neuronal apoptosis in cerebral infarction rats through Nrf2/ARE oxidative stress pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 23(15):6665–6671. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201908_18557

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fang M, Zhong L, Jin X, Cui R, Yang W, Gao S et al (2019) Effect of inflammation on the process of stroke rehabilitation and poststroke depression. Front Psych 10:184. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00184

Article  Google Scholar 

Flamm ES, Demopoulos HB, Seligman ML, Poser RG, Ransohoff J (1978) Free radicals in cerebral ischemia. Stroke 9(5):445–447

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gao M, Monian P, Quadri N, Ramasamy R, Jiang X (2015a) Glutaminolysis and transferrin regulate ferroptosis. Mol Cell 59(2):298–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2015.06.011

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gao Y, Xu X, Chang S, Wang Y, Xu Y, Ran S et al (2015b) Totarol prevents neuronal injury in vitro and ameliorates brain ischemic stroke: Potential roles of Akt activation and HO-1 induction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 289(2):142–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.001

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Geddes JW, Pettigrew LC, Holtz ML, Craddock SD, Maines MD (1996) Permanent focal and transient global cerebral ischemia increase glial and neuronal expression of heme oxygenase-1, but not heme oxygenase-2, protein in rat brain. Neurosci Lett 210(3):205–208

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. (2021). The Lancet. Neurology, 20 (10), 795-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0

González-Burgos E, Carretero ME, Gómez-Serranillos MP (2012) Diterpenoids isolated from Sideritis species protect astrocytes against oxidative stress via Nrf2. J Nat Prod 75(10):1750–1758. https://doi.org/10.1021/np300418m

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hagemann TL, Jobe EM, Messing A (2012) Genetic ablation of Nrf2/antioxidant response pathway in Alexander disease mice reduces hippocampal gliosis but does not impact survival. PLoS One. 7(5):e37304. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0037304

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Homma T, Kobayashi S, Sato H, Fujii J (2019) Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, protects against ferroptotic cell death in vitro. Exp Cell Res. 384(1):111592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111592

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ingrassia R, Garavaglia B, Memo M (2019) DMT1 Expression and iron levels at the crossroads between aging and neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 13:575. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00575

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jang J, Wang Y, Lalli MA, Guzman E, Godshalk SE, Zhou H et al (2016) Primary cilium-autophagy-Nrf2 (PAN) Axis activation commits human embryonic stem cells to a neuroectoderm fate. Cell 165(2):410–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.014

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jiang S, Deng C, Lv J, Fan C, Hu W, Di S et al (2017) Nrf2 weaves an elaborate network of neuroprotection against stroke. Mol Neurobiol 54(2):1440–1455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-016-9707-7

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jiang X, Stockwell BR, Conrad M (2021) Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 22(4):266–282. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-020-00324-8