Robba C, Citerio G. How I manage intracranial hypertension. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):243. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-019-2529-z.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brasil S, Nogueira RC, Salinet ASM, et al. Contribution of intracranial pressure to human dynamic cerebral autoregulation after acute brain injury. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2023;324(2):R216–26. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00252.2022.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Smith M. Cerebral perfusion pressure. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115(4):488–90. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aev230.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brassard P, Labrecque L, Smirl JD, et al. Losing the dogmatic view of cerebral autoregulation. Physiol Rep. 2021;9(15):e14982. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14982.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wijdicks EFM. 10 or 15 or 20 or 40 mmHg? What is increased intracranial pressure and who said so? Neurocrit Care. 2022;36(3):1022–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-021-01438-3.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helbok R, Meyfroidt G, Beer R. Intracranial pressure thresholds in severe traumatic brain injury: Con: the injured brain is not aware of ICP thresholds! Intensive Care Med. 2018;44(8):1318–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-018-5249-y.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rubiano AM, Figaji A, Hawryluk GW. Intracranial pressure management: moving beyond guidelines. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2022;28(2):101–10. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0000000000000920.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Robba C, Frigieri G, Brasil S, Taccone FS. Early prognostic value of non-invasive intracranial pressure methods in brain-injured patients. Intensive Care Med. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-022-06899-4.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brasil S, Frigieri G, Taccone FS, et al. Noninvasive intracranial pressure waveforms for estimation of intracranial hypertension and outcome prediction in acute brain-injured patients. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-022-00941-y.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brasil S. Intracranial pressure pulse morphology: the missing link? Intensive Care Med. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-022-06855-2.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jahns FP, Miroz JP, Messerer M, et al. Quantitative pupillometry for the monitoring of intracranial hypertension in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):155. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-019-2436-3.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rasulo FA, Calza S, Robba C, et al. Transcranial Doppler as a screening test to exclude intracranial hypertension in brain-injured patients: the IMPRESSIT-2 prospective multicenter international study. Crit Care. 2022;26(1):110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-022-03978-2.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Robba C, Cardim D, Tajsic T, et al. Non-invasive intracranial pressure assessment in brain injured patients using ultrasound-based methods. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2018;126:69–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65798-1_15.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Czosnyka M, Matta BF, Smielewski P, Kirkpatrick PJ, Pickard JD. Cerebral perfusion pressure in head-injured patients: a noninvasive assessment using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. J Neurosurg. 1998;88(5):802–8. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.88.5.0802.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bellner J, Romner B, Reinstrup P, Kristiansson KA, Ryding E, Brandt L. Transcranial Doppler sonography pulsatility index (PI) reflects intracranial pressure (ICP). Surg Neurol. 2004;62(1):45–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2003.12.007.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kaloria N, Panda NB, Bhagat H, et al. Pulsatility index reflects intracranial pressure better than resistive index in patients with clinical features of intracranial hypertension. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2020;11(1):144–50. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399477.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schaafsma A. A new method for correcting middle cerebral artery flow velocity for age by calculating Z-scores. J Neurosci Methods. 2018;307:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.06.009.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schaafsma M, Glade GJ, Keller PJ, Schaafsma A. Age corrected changes in intracranial hemodynamics after carotid endarterectomy. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2021;62(4):354–63. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0021-9509.21.11705-7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Goede AA, Loef BG, Reidinga AC, Schaafsma A. Fluid resuscitation in septic patients improves systolic but not Diastolic middle cerebral artery flow velocity. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017;43(11):2591–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.06.027.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Czosnyka Z, Keong N, Kim DJ, et al. Pulse amplitude of intracranial pressure waveform in hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2008;102:137–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-85578-2_28.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schaafsma A. Improved parameterization of the transcranial Doppler signal. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2012;38(8):1451–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.03.016.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bor-Seng-Shu E, Hirsch R, Teixeira MJ, De Andrade AF, Marino R Jr. Cerebral hemodynamic changes gauged by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in patients with posttraumatic brain swelling treated by surgical decompression. J Neurosurg. 2006;104(1):93–100. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.2006.104.1.93.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martin NA, Patwardhan RV, Alexander MJ, et al. Characterization of cerebral hemodynamic phases following severe head trauma: hypoperfusion, hyperemia, and vasospasm. J Neurosurg. 1997;87(1):9–19. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.87.1.0009.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Metz CE. Basic principles of ROC analysis. Semin Nucl Med. 1978;8(4):283–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2998(78)80014-2.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Riva N, Budohoski KP, Smielewski P, et al. Transcranial Doppler pulsatility index: what it is and what it isn’t. Neurocrit Care. 2012;17(1):58–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-012-9672-6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Figaji AA, Zwane E, Fieggen AG, Siesjo P, Peter JC. Transcranial Doppler pulsatility index is not a reliable indicator of intracranial pressure in children with severe traumatic brain injury. Surg Neurol. 2009;72(4):389–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2009.02.012.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Behrens A, Lenfeldt N, Ambarki K, Malm J, Eklund A, Koskinen LO. Transcranial Doppler pulsatility index: not an accurate method to assess intracranial pressure. Neurosurgery. 2010;66(6):1050–7. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000369519.35932.F2.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cardim D, Robba C, Donnelly J, et al. Prospective study on noninvasive assessment of intracranial pressure in traumatic brain-injured patients: comparison of four methods. J Neurotrauma. 2016;33(8):792–802. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4134.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tegeler CH, Crutchfield K, Katsnelson M, et al. Transcranial Doppler velocities in a large, healthy population. J Neuroimaging. 2013;23(3):466–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2012.00711.x.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wielicka M, Neubauer-Geryk J, Kozera G, Bieniaszewski L. Clinical application of pulsatility index. Med Res J. 2020;5(3):201–10. https://doi.org/10.5603/MRJ.a2020.0016.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kneihsl M, Hofer E, Enzinger C, et al. Intracranial pulsatility in relation to severity and progression of cerebral white matter hyperintensities. Stroke. 2020;51(11):3302–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030478.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Azevedo DS, Salinet ASM, de Lima OM, Teixeira MJ, Bor-Seng-Shu E, de Carvalho NR. Cerebral hemodynamics in sepsis assessed by transcranial Doppler: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Monit Comput. 2017;31(6):1123–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-016-9945-2.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Han JE, Kim T, Park JH, et al. Middle cerebral artery pulsatility is highly associated with systemic blood viscosity in acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours of symptom onset. J Neurosonol Neuroimag. 2019;11(2):126–31. https://doi.org/10.31728/jnn.2019.00050.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kim J. Pictorial essay: transcranial doppler findings of the intracranial and extracranial diseases. J Neurosonol Neuroimag. 2019;11(1):2–21. https://doi.org/10.31728/jnn.2018.00039.

Article  Google Scholar 

Newell DW. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1994;5(4):619–31.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Voulgaris SG, Partheni M, Kaliora H, Haftouras N, Pessach IS, Polyzoidis KS. Early cerebral monitoring using the transcranial Doppler pulsatility index in patients with severe brain trauma. Med Sci Monit. 2005;11(2):CR49-52.