Toward Equity in Health: A Scoping Review Protocol for Fifteen Years of Progress and Gaps in Disability-Inclusive Healthcare (2010-2025)

Abstract

Background Persons with disabilities (PWDs) experience persistent disparities in accessing equitable and effective healthcare, despite the existence of global human rights frameworks. Structural, financial, attitudinal, and systemic barriers continue to impede their full inclusion in healthcare systems. Over the past fifteen years, frameworks such as the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) have sought to promote inclusive health reforms. However, implementation remains uneven, and a comprehensive synthesis of interventions is lacking.

Objective This scoping review aims to map and synthesise global literature (2010– 2025) on disability-inclusive healthcare systems. It focuses on structural competency, universal design, telehealth, and community-based rehabilitation (CBR), identifying key barriers and facilitators.

Methods The review will follow Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology, incorporating Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and PRISMA-ScR guidance. Literature will be identified through searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Eligibility will be guided by the Population–Concept– Context (PCC) framework, with studies screened and charted independently by two reviewers. Thematic synthesis and evidence mapping will be used to analyse findings. No meta-analysis will be conducted due to expected heterogeneity.

Expected Outcomes The review is anticipated to categorise major systemic barriers (e.g., physical inaccessibility, provider bias, financial exclusion) and identify inclusive interventions aligned with CRPD principles. These insights will support health policy reform and training in disability-responsive care. This review addresses a key gap by systematically synthesising global evidence on disability-inclusive healthcare interventions with a specific focus on structural competency, a lens rarely applied in previous reviews.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

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The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

The submission doesnt require ethical approval as it is a Scoping review protocol and it is also registered with OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PWC92

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

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I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

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Footnotes

Funding This study received no external funding.

Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests.

Data Availability No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. All relevant data from this study will be made available upon review completion.

Data Availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. All relevant data from this study will be made available upon study completion.

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