The risk of ALK-ve ALCL associated with textured breast implants (BIA-ALCL) is a notable example of lymphomas associated with medical devices. We describe 2 cases of ALK-ve ALCL associated with meshes, commonly used devices in surgical procedures such as herniorrhaphy. Our cases, each presenting some 10 years following mesh insertions, show anatomical and causal association to index tumours. In addition, we show that the genetic profile has significant overlaps with BIA-ALCL, invoking similar etiopathogenesis. Hence, we propose that mesh implant associated-ALCL (MIA-ALCL) is an unrecognised association and unreported disease entity that merits recognition, broader investigation, and surveillance.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

We are grateful to the two patients for their consent and involvement. SDT is supported by research funding from a Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre [C9685/A25117] award, a European Union Horizon 2020 Marie Skł Odowska-Curie Doctoral Training Network grant (no. 101072735) and an European Union National Institute for Cancer Research Programme (EXCELES, no. LX22NPO5102). ERJ is supported by a UK-MRC doctoral training award. AK was supported by funding from a NIHR Clinical Research Fellowship. AR and IK are funded by Clatterbridge Research Doctoral Fellowships. NK and JS receive funding support from Merseyside against blood cancers charity (MABC, The Bloom appeal, UK Registered Charity no. 1157459).

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The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

The collection of data and samples as well processing for the studies within the manuscript were approved and covered by the following: 1.Research Ethics Committee approval for the Clatterbridge Cancer Centre Biobank (Integrated Research Application System reference no. 305466 and identification number: 152025; Approval reference: 14/Northwest/1054 (Haydock, United Kingdom) and Human Tissue Authority License 16929). Granted 2014. 2.ARROVEN: Post-authorisation safety study (Brentuximab vedotin) study reference no. PASS: MA25101 granted by the European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance Reference number: EUPAS3583. 3.Human tissue authority ethics approval no. 07-Q0104-16, United Kingdom and Research Ethics Committee (Huntington, United Kingdom) approval number 07-Q0104-16 for sample handling and processing.

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