Adams, H. E., & Sutker, P. B. (Eds.). (2007). Comprehensive handbook of psychopathology. Springer Science & Business Media
Adams, T., Bezner, J., & Steinhardt, M. (1997). The conceptualization and measurement of perceived wellness: Integrating balance across and within dimensions. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11(3), 208–218.
Aiken, L. S., West, S. G., & Reno, R. R. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Sage
Akinwande, M. O., Dikko, H. G., & Samson, A. (2015). Variance inflation factor: As a condition for the inclusion of suppressor variable (s) in regression analysis. Open Journal of Statistics, 5(07), 754.
Amara, J. H. (2018). Military and veterans’ health, health care, and wellbeing. Defence and Peace Economics, 29(1), 1–5.
Baker, D. G., Heppner, P., Afari, N., Nunnink, S., Kilmer, M., Simmons, A., & Bosse, B. (2009). Trauma exposure, branch of service, and physical injury in relation to mental health among US veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. Military Medicine, 174(8), 733–778.
Battles, A. R., Bravo, A. J., Kelley, M. L., White, T. D., Braitman, A. L., & Hamrick, H. C. (2018). Moral injury and PTSD as mediators of the associations between morally injurious experiences and mental health and substance use. Traumatology, 24(4), 246.
Borges, L. M. (2019). A service member’s experience of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Moral Injury (ACT-MI) via telehealth:“Learning to accept my pain and injury by reconnecting with my values and starting to live a meaningful life.” Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 13, 134–140.
Byrne, B. M. (2013). Structural equation modeling with Mplus: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Routledge.
Cacace, S., Smith, E. J., Cramer, R. J., Meca, A., & Desmarais, S. L. (2022). Military self-stigma as a mediator of the link between military identity and suicide risk. Military Psychology, 34(2), 237–251.
Cesur, R., Sabia, J. J., & Tekin, E. (2013). The psychological costs of war: Military combat and mental health. Journal of Health Economics, 32(1), 51–65.
Chesnut, R. P., Richardson, C. B., Morgan, N. R., Bleser, J. A., Perkins, D. F., Vogt, D., Copeland, L. A., & Finley, E. (2020). Moral injury and social well-being: A growth curve analysis. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 33(4), 587–597.
Corona, C. D., Van Orden, K. A., Wisco, B. E., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2019). Meaning in life moderates the association between morally injurious experiences and suicide ideation among US combat veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 11(6), 614.
Creech, S. K., Swift, R., Zlotnick, C., Taft, C., & Street, A. E. (2016). Combat exposure, mental health, and relationship functioning among women veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. Journal of Family Psychology, 30(1), 43.
Currier, J. M., Holland, J. M., & Malott, J. (2015). Moral injury, meaning making, and mental health in returning veterans. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 71(3), 229–240.
Davison, E. H., Kaiser, A. P., Spiro, A., III., Moye, J., King, L. A., & King, D. W. (2016). From late-onset stress symptomatology to later-adulthood trauma reengagement in aging combat veterans: Taking a broader view. The Gerontologist, 56(1), 14–21.
Edwards, R. D. (2015). Overseas deployment, combat exposure, and well-being in the 2010 National Survey of Veterans. Journal of Human Capital, 9(1), 64–93.
Evans, W. R., Walser, R. D., Drescher, K. D., & Farnsworth, J. K. (2020). The moral injury workbook: Acceptance and commitment therapy skills for moving beyond shame, anger, and trauma to reclaim your values. New Harbinger Publications.
Farnsworth, J. K., Drescher, K. D., Nieuwsma, J. A., Walser, R. B., & Currier, J. M. (2014). The role of moral emotions in military trauma: Implications for the study and treatment of moral injury. Review of General Psychology, 18(4), 249–262.
Ford, M. E., & Smith, P. R. (2020). Motivating self and others: Thriving with social purpose, life meaning, and the pursuit of core personal goals. Cambridge University Press.
Frankfurt, S., & Frazier, P. (2016). A review of research on moral injury in combat veterans. Military Psychology, 28(5), 318–330.
Gorgenyi-Hegyes, E., Nathan, R. J., & Fekete-Farkas, M. (2021). Workplace health promotion, employee wellbeing and loyalty during COVID-19 Pandemic—Large scale empirical evidence from Hungary. Economies, 9(2), 55.
Griffin, B. J., Purcell, N., Burkman, K., Litz, B. T., Bryan, C. J., Schmitz, M., Villierme, C., Walsh, J., & Maguen, S. (2019). Moral injury: An integrative review. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 32(3), 350–362.
Hall, N. A., Everson, A. T., Billingsley, M. R., & Miller, M. B. (2022). Moral injury, mental health and behavioural health outcomes: A systematic review of the literature. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 29(1), 92–110.
Hamrick, H. C., Kelley, M. L., & Bravo, A. J. (2020). Morally injurious events, moral injury, and suicidality among recent-era veterans: The moderating effects of rumination and mindfulness. Military Behavioral Health, 8(1), 109–120.
Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford publications.
Karstoft, K.-I., Armour, C., Elklit, A., & Solomon, Z. (2015). The role of locus of control and coping style in predicting longitudinal PTSD-trajectories after combat exposure. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 32, 89–94.
Keane, T. M., Fairbank, J. A., Caddell, J. M., Zimering, R. T., Taylor, K. L., & Mora, C. A. (1989). Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1(1), 53.
Kelber, M. S., Smolenski, D. J., Workman, D. E., Morgan, M. A., Garvey Wilson, A. L., Campbell, M. S., & Belsher, B. E. (2019). Typologies of combat exposure and their effects on posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 32(6), 946–956.
Kelley, M. L., Chae, J. W., Bravo, A. J., Milam, A. L., Agha, E., Gaylord, S. A., Vinci, C., & Currier, J. M. (2021). Own soul’s warning: Moral injury, suicidal ideation, and meaning in life. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 13(7), 740.
Koenig, H. G., Ames, D., Youssef, N. A., Oliver, J. P., Volk, F., Teng, E. J., Haynes, K., Erickson, Z. D., Arnold, I., & O’Garo, K. (2018). The moral injury symptom scale-military version. Journal of Religion and Health, 57, 249–265.
Koenig, H. G., Youssef, N. A., Ames, D., Teng, E. J., & Hill, T. D. (2020). Examining the overlap between moral injury and PTSD in US veterans and active duty military. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 208(1), 7–12.
Koenig, H. G., Youssef, N. A., & Pearce, M. (2019). Assessment of moral injury in veterans and active duty military personnel with PTSD: A review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, 384–381.
Kwon, C. M. E. R., & Son. (2020). A review of research on moral injury with its implications to psychotherapy and counseling. The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Psychology, 27(4), 83–99.
Lee, H., Aldwin, C. M., Choun, S., & Spiro, A., III. (2017). Does combat exposure affect well-being in later life? The VA Normative Aging Study. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9(6), 672.
Litz, B. T., & Kerig, P. K. (2019). Introduction to the special issue on moral injury: Conceptual challenges, methodological issues, and clinical applications. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 32(3), 341–349.
Litz, B. T., Stein, N., Delaney, E., Lebowitz, L., Nash, W. P., Silva, C., & Maguen, S. (2009). Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy. Clinical Psychology Review, 29(8), 695–706.
Maglione, M. A., Chen, C., Bialas, A., Motala, A., Chang, J., Akinniranye, O., & Hempel, S. (2022). Combat and operational stress control interventions and PTSD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Military Medicine, 187(7–8), e846–e855.
McCormack, L., & Ell, L. (2017). Complex psychosocial distress postdeployment in veterans: Reintegration identity disruption and challenged moral integrity. Traumatology, 23(3), 240–249.
McDaniel, J. T. (2023). Moral injury and quality of life among military veterans. BMJ Mil Health
McKee, P., Budnick, C. J., Walters, K. S., & Bind, M.-A. (2023). The role of combat exposure on drinking behavior and subjective well-being: A Rubin Causal Model approach. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy
McKnight, P. E., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Purpose in life as a system that creates and sustains health and well-being: An integrative, testable theory. Review of General Psychology, 13(3), 242–251.
Nieuwsma, J. A., Walser, R. D., Farnsworth, J. K., Drescher, K. D., Meador, K. G., & Nash, W. (2015). Possibilities within acceptance and commitment therapy for approaching moral injury. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 11(3), 193–206.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569.
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research M
Comments (0)