Diseases GBD, Injuries C (2020) Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 396(10258):1204–1222
Zhang S et al (2024) Novel perspectives of TSLP and RXR signaling in corticosteroid-resistant asthma: updates on TSLP blockers. Curr Med Chem Online ahead of print
Cypcar D, Busse WW (1993) Steroid-resistant asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 92(3):362–372
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Artis D, Spits H (2015) The biology of innate lymphoid cells. Nature 517(7534):293–301
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Vivier E et al (2018) Innate lymphoid cells: 10 years on. Cell 174(5):1054–1066
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Pasha MA et al (2019) Role of innate lymphoid cells in allergic diseases. Allergy Asthma Proc 40(3):138–145
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ferretti E et al (2019) Canonical and non-canonical adenosinergic pathways. Immunol Lett 205:25–30
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Horn V, Sonnenberg GF (2024) Group 3 innate lymphoid cells in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 21(6):428–443
Chesne J et al (2014) IL-17 in severe asthma. Where do we stand? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 190(10):1094–1101
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Huang CC et al (2019) Impact of cigarette smoke and IL-17A activation on asthmatic patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology 57(1):57–66
Hamid Q, Tulic M (2009) Immunobiology of asthma. Annu Rev Physiol 71:489–507
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wang M et al (2016) Impaired anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoid in neutrophil from patients with steroid-resistant asthma. Respir Res 17(1):153
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Subbarao P, Mandhane PJ, Sears MR (2009) Asthma: epidemiology, etiology and risk factors. CMAJ 181(9):E181–E190
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Esteban-Gorgojo I et al (2018) Non-eosinophilic asthma: current perspectives. J Asthma Allergy 11:267–281
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Walford HH, Doherty TA (2014) Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic asthma: a US perspective. J Asthma Allergy 7:53–65
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Leung DYM (2015) The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: a 17-year perspective. J Allergy Clin Immunol 136(6):1471–1473 e4
Jeong JS et al (2019) A novel insight on endotyping heterogeneous severe asthma based on endoplasmic reticulum stress: beyond the "type 2/non-type 2 dichotomy". Int J Mol Sci 20(3):713
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Douwes J et al (2002) Non-eosinophilic asthma: importance and possible mechanisms. Thorax 57(7):643–648
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Schleich FN et al (2013) Distribution of sputum cellular phenotype in a large asthma cohort: predicting factors for eosinophilic vs neutrophilic inflammation. BMC Pulm Med 13:11
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Adcock IM et al (2008) Steroid resistance in asthma: mechanisms and treatment options. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 8(2):171–178
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ntontsi P et al (2017) Clinical, functional and inflammatory characteristics in patients with paucigranulocytic stable asthma: comparison with different sputum phenotypes. Allergy 72(11):1761–1767
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kim RY et al (2017) Role for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated, IL-1beta-dependent responses in severe, steroid-resistant asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 196(3):283–297
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Chaudhuri R et al (2003) Cigarette smoking impairs the therapeutic response to oral corticosteroids in chronic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168(11):1308–1311
Lazarus SC et al (2007) Smoking affects response to inhaled corticosteroids or leukotriene receptor antagonists in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175(8):783–790
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Livingston E, Thomson NC, Chalmers GW (2005) Impact of smoking on asthma therapy: a critical review of clinical evidence. Drugs 65(11):1521–1536
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Serra MF et al (2018) Repeated allergen exposure in A/J mice causes steroid-insensitive asthma via a defect in glucocorticoid receptor bioavailability. J Immunol 201(3):851–860
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Moalli PA et al (1992) A mechanism of resistance to glucocorticoids in multiple myeloma: transient expression of a truncated glucocorticoid receptor mRNA. Blood 79(1):213–222
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Karl M, Chrousos GP (1993) Familial glucocorticoid resistance: an overview. Exp Clin Endocrinol 101(1):30–35
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Zhang Y et al (2014) TH1/TH2 cell differentiation and molecular signals. Adv Exp Med Biol 841:15–44
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Raundhal M et al (2015) High IFN-gamma and low SLPI mark severe asthma in mice and humans. J Clin Invest 125(8):3037–3050
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wenzel SE et al (2009) A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade in severe persistent asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 179(7):549–558
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Chambers ES et al (2015) Distinct endotypes of steroid-resistant asthma characterized by IL-17A(high) and IFN-gamma(high) immunophenotypes: potential benefits of calcitriol. J Allergy Clin Immunol 136(3):628–637 e4
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Chu S et al (2023) NCR negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell (NCR(-) ILC3) participates in abnormal pathology of lung in cigarette smoking-induced COPD mice. Immun Inflamm Dis 11(3):e816
Comments (0)