From the Medical University of South Carolina (A.P., A.P., S.K., E.E.), Charleston, South Carolina; University of Nebraska Medical Center (Z.B.), Omaha, Nebraska; and West Virginia University, Heart and Vascular Institute (A.H.), Morgantown, West Virginia.

Submitted: April 5, 2023, Revised: June 29, 2023, Accepted: July 7, 2023, Published online: August 30, 2023.

These data will be presented at the Chest Wall Injury Society meeting in April 2023.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jtrauma.com).

Address for correspondence: Evert A. Eriksson, MD, FACS, FCCM, FCCP, Professor of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Drive CSB 420, MSC 613, Charleston, SC 29425; email: [email protected].