From the Division of Trauma, Emergency General Surgery and Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.

Submitted: April 8, 2023, Revised: August 10, 2023, Accepted: September 1, 2023, Published online: September 15, 2023.

This research was presented via podium presentation during the 7th Annual Chest Wall Injury Society Summit in Charlotte, NC on April 27–30, 2023.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jtrauma.com).

Address for correspondence: Zachary M. Bauman, DO, MHA, FACOS, FACS, Division of Trauma, Emergency General Surgery, Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983280 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3280 USA; email: [email protected].