aDivision of Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health

bInstitute of Human Virology

cCenter for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

dCenter for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity, MGIC-an affiliate of the University of Maryland Baltimore, Nairobi

eDivision of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Kisumu

fNairobi Metropolitan Services Health Management Team, Nairobi

gMigori County Health Management Team

hKisii County Health Management Team, Western, Kenya.

Correspondence to Marie-Claude C. Lavoie, Division of Global Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 W Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Tel: +1 410 706 7855; e-mail: [email protected]

Received 11 May, 2023

Revised 14 August, 2023

Accepted 16 August, 2023