Busetto L, Dicker D, Azran C, Batterham RL, Farpour-Lambert N, Fried M, et al. Practical recommendations of the obesity management task force of the European Association for the Study of Obesity for the post-bariatric surgery medical management. Obes Facts. 2017;10:597–632. https://doi.org/10.1159/000481825.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Durrer Schutz D, Busetto L, Dicker D, Farpour-Lambert N, Pryke R, Toplak H, et al. European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care. Obes Facts. 2019;12:40–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000496183.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Weight management: lifestyle services for overweight or obese adults (PH53). 2014.

Google Scholar 

Busetto L, Bettini S, Makaronidis J, Roberts CA, Halford JCG, Batterham RL. Mechanisms of weight regain. Eur J Intern Med. 2021;93:3–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2021.01.002.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cummings DE, Weigle DS, Frayo RS, Breen PA, Ma MK, Dellinger EP, et al. Plasma ghrelin levels after diet-induced weight loss or gastric bypass surgery. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1623–30. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa012908.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Crujeiras AB, Goyenechea E, Abete I, Lage M, Carreira MC, Martínez JA, et al. Weight regain after a diet-induced loss is predicted by higher baseline leptin and lower ghrelin plasma levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95:5037–44. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2566.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhao X, Han Q, Gang X, Lv Y, Liu Y, Sun C, et al. The role of gut hormones in diet-induced weight change: a systematic review. Horm Metab Res. 2017;49:816–25. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-115646.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nymo S, Coutinho S, Eknes P, Vestbostad I, Rehfeld J, Truby H, et al. Investigation of the long-term sustainability of changes in appetite after weight loss. Int J Obes. 2018;42:1489–99. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-018-0119-9.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Iepsen EW, Lundgren J, Holst JJ, Madsbad S, Torekov SS. Successful weight loss maintenance includes long-term increased meal responses of GLP‑1 and PYY3–36. Eur J Endocrinol. 2016;174:775–84. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-15-1116.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thom G, Dombrowski SU, Brosnahan N, Algindan YY, Lopez-Gonzalez RM, Roditi G, et al. The role of appetite-related hormones, adaptive thermogenesis, perceived hunger and stress in long-term weight-loss maintenance: a mixed-methods study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74:622–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-0568-9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

DeBenedictis JN, Nymo S, Ollestad KH, Boyesen GA, Rehfeld JF, Holst JJ, et al. Changes in the homeostatic appetite system after weight loss reflect a normalization toward a lower body weight. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105:e2538–e46. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa202.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leibel RL, Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J. Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:621–8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199503093321001.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Müller MJ, Enderle J, Bosy-Westphal A. Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans. Curr Obes Rep. 2016;5:413–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-016-0237-4.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Istfan NW, Lipartia M, Anderson WA, Hess DT, Apovian CM. Approach to the patient: management of the post-bariatric surgery patient with weight regain. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106:251–63. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa702.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fothergill E, Guo J, Howard L, Kerns JC, Knuth ND, Brychta R, et al. Persistent metabolic adaptation 6 years after “the biggest loser” competition: persistent metabolic adaptation. Obesity. 2016;24:1612–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21538.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Faria SL, Faria OP, de Cardeal M, de Ito MK, Buffington C. Diet-induced thermogenesis and respiratory quotient after Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass surgery: a prospective study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014;10:138–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2013.09.020.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nijs IMT, Muris P, Euser AS, Franken IHA. Differences in attention to food and food intake between overweight/obese and normal-weight females under conditions of hunger and satiety. Appetite. 2010;54:243–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.11.004.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Massey A, Hill AJ. Dieting and food craving. A descriptive, quasi-prospective study. Appetite. 2012;58:781–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.01.020.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stice E, Burger K. Neural vulnerability factors for obesity. Clin Psychol Rev. 2019;68:38–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.12.002.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brix JM, Andersen B, Aydinkoc-Tuzcu K, Beckerhinn P, Brossard-Eitzinger A, Cavini A, et al. Übergewicht und Adipositas bei Erwachsenen: Allgemeine Behandlungsgrundsätze und konservatives Management. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2023;135(Suppl X).

Wharton S, Lau DCW, Vallis M, Sharma AM, Biertho L, Campbell-Scherer D, et al. Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline. Can Med Assoc J. 2020;192:E875–E91. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.191707.

Article  Google Scholar 

Redmond IP, Shukla AP, Aronne LJ. Use of weight loss medications in patients after bariatric surgery. Curr Obes Rep. 2021;10:81–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-021-00425-1.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berg A, Bischoff SC, Colombo-Benkmann M, Ellrott T, Hauner H, Heintze C, et al. Interdisziplinäre Leitlinie der Qualität S3 zur „Prävention und Therapie der Adipositas“. Version 2.0 (April 2014; in Überarbeitung).. https://adipositas-gesellschaft.de/dag/leitlinien. Zugegriffen: 21.04.2023.

Satyal MK, Basso JC, Tegge AN, Metpally AR, Bickel WK. A novel model of obesity prediction: neurobehaviors as targets for treatment. Behav Neurosci. 2021;135:426–42. https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000385.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ruffault A, Vaugeois F, Barsamian C, Lurbe i Puerto K, Le Quentrec-Creven G, Flahault C, et al. Associations of lifetime traumatic experience with dysfunctional eating patterns and postsurgery weight loss in adults with obesity: a retrospective study. Stress Health. 2018;34:446–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2807.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Husky MM, Mazure CM, Ruffault A, Flahault C, Kovess-Masfety V. Differential associations between excess body weight and psychiatric disorders in men and women. J Womens Health. 2018;27:183–90. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2016.6248.

Article  Google Scholar 

Chauvet-Gelinier J‑C, Roussot A, Cottenet J, Brindisi M‑C, Petit J‑M, Bonin B, et al. Depression and obesity, data from a national administrative database study: geographic evidence for an epidemiological overlap. PLoS ONE. 2019;14:e210507. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210507.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mannan M, Mamun A, Doi S, Clavarino A. Prospective associations between depression and obesity for adolescent males and females—A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. PLoS ONE. 2016;11:e157240. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157240.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

DeHart WB, Snider SE, Pope DA, Bickel WK. A reinforcer pathology model of health behaviors in individuals with obesity. Health Psychol. 2020;39:966–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000995.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guerrero Pérez F, Sánchez-González J, Sánchez I, Jiménez-Murcia S, Granero R, Simó-Servat A, et al. Food addiction and preoperative weight loss achievement in patients seeking bariatric surgery. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2018;26:645–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2649.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kefurt R, Langer FB, Schindler K, Shakeri-Leidenmühler S, Ludvik B, Prager G. Hypoglycemia after Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass: detection rates of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) versus mixed meal test. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11:564–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2014.11.003.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Felsenreich DM, Langer FB, Bichler C, Kristo I, Jedamzik J, Eilenberg M, et al. Surgical therapy of weight regain after Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2019;15:1719–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2019.07.002.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Iannelli A, Schneck A‑S, Hébuterne X, Gugenheim J. Gastric pouch resizing for Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass failure in patients with a dilated pouch. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9:260–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2012.05.003.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Forsell P, Hellers G, Laveskog U, Westman L. Validation of pouch size measurement following the Swedish adjustable gastric banding using endoscopy, MRI and barium swallow. Obes Surg. 1996;6:463–7. https://doi.org/10.1381/096089296765556340.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Al-Bader I, Khoursheed M, Al Sharaf K, Mouzannar DA, Ashraf A, Fingerhut A. Revisional laparoscopic gastric pouch resizing for inadequate weight loss after Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2015;25:1103–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-015-1579-9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fobi M, Lee H, Igwe D Jr, James E, Stanczyk M, Eyong P, et al. Revision of failed gastric bypass to distal Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass: a review of 65 cases. Obes Surg. 2001;11:190–5. https://doi.org/10.1381/096089201321577866.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Swift DL, Johannsen NM, Lavie CJ, Earnest CP, Church TS. The role of exercise and physical activity in weight loss and maintenance. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014;56:441–7.