Rafia Rehman University of OKara Aqsa Younas University of OKara Shaheed Ullah University of OKara Ataf Ali Altaf University of OKara Abstract

 Nano-emulsion is one of the most effective and size-controlled mediums for effective drug delivery systems, the formation of cosmetics products, food preservatives, and insecticidal and antimicrobial products. Therefore, a durable and sophisticated approach is primely important in preparing effective nano-emulsions. Some of the established fabrication approaches towards nanoemulsion are the high and low-energy methods. Depending upon the required results of formulations, these two methods are further divided into sub-categories such as ultra-sonicators, micro-fluidizers, high-pressure homogenizers, phase inversion temperature, phase inversion composition, etc. This review highlights all the available methods to form nano-emulsion by adopting high-energy and low-energy techniques. In addition, this review also elaborates on the importance of nano-emulsions in various end products, as nano-carriers and patents have also been awarded in this field. Besides, the required improvements in this field have been discussed briefly to establish the most authentic approach toward nano-emulsion formation.

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