Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway

Pål Møller, Mev Dominguez-Valentin, Eivind Hovig & Sigve Nakken

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Toni Seppälä, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo & Anna Lepisto

Applied Tumour Genomics Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Toni Seppälä, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo & Anna Lepisto

Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

Toni Seppälä

Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia

James G. Dowty, Jeanette Reece, John L. Hopper, Aung Ko Win & Mark A. Jenkins

Engineering Mathematics and Computing Lab (EMCL), Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

Saskia Haupt & Vincent Heuveline

Data Mining and Uncertainty Quantification (DMQ), Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg, Germany

Saskia Haupt

Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark

Lone Sunde & Charlotte K. Lautrup

Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark

Lone Sunde

Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, 9100, Aalborg, Denmark

Inge Bernstein & Ole Thorlacius-Ussing

Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, 9100, Aalborg, Denmark

Inge Bernstein & Ole Thorlacius-Ussing

Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany

Christoph Engel

Institute of Human Genetics, National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany

Stefan Aretz & Claudia Perne

Department of Clinical Genetics, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands

Maartje Nielsen

Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut Català d’Oncologia-IDIBELL, L; Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain

Gabriel Capella, Marta Pineda, Nuria Dueñas & Joan Brunet

Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK

Dafydd Gareth Evans, Kate Green & Fiona Lalloo

Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK

John Burn

Campus Innenstadt, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336, Munich, Germany

Elke Holinski-Feder & Verena Steinke-Lange

MGZ – Center of Medical Genetics, 80335, Munich, Germany

Elke Holinski-Feder & Verena Steinke-Lange

Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141, Milan, Italy

Lucio Bertario & Bernardo Bonanni

Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden

Annika Lindblom

Department Rabin Medical Center, Service High Risk GI Cancer Gastroenterology, Petach Tikva, Israel

Zohar Levi

Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

Finlay Macrae, Ingrid Winship & Douglas Tjandra

Department of Medicine, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Australia

Finlay Macrae, Ingrid Winship & Douglas Tjandra

The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

John-Paul Plazzer

Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Rolf Sijmons

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

Luigi Laghi

Hospital Fuerzas Armadas, Grupo Colaborativo Uruguayo, Investigación de Afecciones Oncológicas Hereditarias (GCU), Montevideo, Uruguay

Adriana Della Valle, Florencia Neffa & Patricia Esperon

Medical Genetics, Institute for Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Karl Heinimann

Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel

Elizabeth Half

Programa Cáncer Heredo Familiar Clínica Universidad de los Ande, Santiago, Chile

Francisco Lopez-Koestner & Karin Alvarez-Valenzuela

University of Newcastle and the Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, Australia

Rodney J. Scott

Department of Gastroenterology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

Lior Katz & Elez Vainer

The Department of Gastroenterology, High Risk and GI Cancer Prevention Clinic, Gastro-Oncology Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel

Ido Laish

Hereditary Cancer Program (PROCANHE), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Carlos Alberto Vaccaro, Walter Hernán Pavicic & Pablo Kalfayan

Genomic and Molecular Biology Group, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Dirce Maria Carraro & Giovana Tardin Torrezan

Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

Nathan Gluck, Revital Kariv & Guy Rosner

The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

Naim Abu-Freha

St Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland

Aine Stakelum, Rory Kennelly & Des Winter

Hospital Sirio Libanes, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Benedito Mauro Rossi & Thiago Bassaneze

University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA

Marc Greenblatt

University of Tolima, Tolima, Colombia

Mabel Bohorquez

Foundation for Research in Genetics and Endocrinology, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Village Road, Satellite Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, 380015, India

Harsh Sheth

Ospedale di Circolo ASST Settelaghi, Centro di Ricerca Tumori Eredo-Familiari, Università dell’Insubria, Varese, Italy

Maria Grazia Tibiletti

Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico, DF, Mexico

Leonardo S. Lino-Silva

Department of Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Universitätsspital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zürich, Switzerland

Karoline Horisberger & Carmen Portenkirchner

Laboratório de Imonologia, ICS/UFBA, Núcleo de Oncologia da Bahia/Oncoclinicas, Salvador, Brazil

Ivana Nascimento

Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina

Norma Teresa Rossi

Hospital Universitario Oswaldo Cruz, Universidade de Pernambuco, Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, IPON - Instituto de Pesquisas Oncológicas do Nordeste, Salvador, Brazil

Leandro Apolinário da Silva & Claudia Martin

Department of Surgery and Cancer, St Mark’s Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK

Huw Thomas

Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary

Attila Zaránd

Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

Jukka-Pekka Mecklin

Department of Surgery, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland

Jukka-Pekka Mecklin

Department of Education and Science, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland

Kirsi Pylvänäinen

Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Päivi Peltomäki

The Danish HNPCC Register, Gastro Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark

Christina Therkildsen & Lars Joachim Lindberg

Department of Applied Tumour Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz, Aysel Ahadova & Matthias Kloor

Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumour Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz

Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Markus Loeffler

Institute of Human Genetics, University Clinic Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany

Nils Rahner & Silke Redler

Department of Medicine, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

Wolff Schmiegel & Deepak Vangala

Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Robert Hüneburg

Genetics Unit, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela

Aída Falcón de Vargas

Escuela de Medicina Jose Maria Vargas, Universidad, Central de Venezuela, UCV, Caracas, Venezuela

Aída Falcón de Vargas

St Mark’s Hospital, London, UK

Andrew Latchford

Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

Anne-Marie Gerdes, Karin Wadt & Thomas van Overeem Hansen

Department of Medicine Solna, Unit of Internal medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Ann-Sofie Backman

Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain

Carmen Guillén-Ponce

Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA

Carrie Snyder

Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia

David Amor

Department of Genetics, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Edenir Palmero

Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil

Edenir Palmero

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Elena Stoffel

Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Floor Duijkers

Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Michael J. Hall

Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

Heather Hampel

Department of Urology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, 17822, USA

Heinric Williams

Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

Henrik Okkels

Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland

Jan Lubiński

Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore and Cancer Genetics Service National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Joanne Ngeow

Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Jose G. Guillem

New Zealand Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Service, Auckland, New Zealand

Julie Arnold & Susan Parry

St Mark’s Hospital & Imperial College, London, UK

Kevin Monahan

Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

Leigha Senter

Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Lene J. Rasmussen

Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Liselotte P. van Hest

IRCCS AOU di Bologna, and Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Luigi Ricciardiello

Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia

Maija R. J. Kohonen-Corish

Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands

Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg

Monash Health Translation Precinct, Monash University, Clayton South, VIC, 3169, Australia

Melissa Southey

Zane Cohen Centre, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Melyssa Aronson

Faculty of Health Sciences, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

Mohd N. Zahary

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA

N. Jewel Samadder

Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

Nicola Poplawski

Adult Genetics Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

Nicola Poplawski

Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Nicoline Hoogerbrugge

Regional Medical Genetics Centre, Belfast HSC Trust, City Hospital Campus, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK

Patrick J. Morrison

Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia

Paul James

Genomics Platform Group, Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

Grant Lee

The Biology Department, Ariel University, Ariel and the Oncogenetic Clinic, The Clinical Genetics Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel

Rakefet Chen-Shtoyerman

Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia

Ravindran Ankathil

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA

Rish Pai

Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

Robyn Ward

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland

Tadeusz Dębniak

Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Thomas John

Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain

Trinidad Caldés & Pilar Garre

Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

Tatsuro Yamaguchi

Department of Genetics, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain

Verónica Barca-Tierno

Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

Giulia Martina Cavestro

Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

Jürgen Weitz

Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

Reinhard Büttner

Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, USA

Noralane Lindor

Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Steven Gallinger

University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, USA

Loïc Le Marchand

Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA

Polly A. Newcomb & Jane Figueiredo

Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Daniel D. Buchanan

University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Daniel D. Buchanan

Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

Daniel D. Buchanan

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

Stephen N. Thibodeau

Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, Netherlands

Sanne W. ten Broeke

Department of Informatics, Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Eivind Hovig

Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming (CanCell), Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Sigve Nakken

Department of Surgery, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

Katie Newton

Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

Emma J. Crosbie

Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

Emma J. Crosbie

Division of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden

Miriam Mints

Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires-IUHI-CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Walter Hernán Pavicic

Surgical Center for Hereditary Tumors, Ev. Bethesda Khs Duisburg, University Witten-Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany

Gabriela Moslein

Division of Cancer and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK

Julian R. Sampson

The European Hereditary Tumour Group (EHTG) and the International Mismatch Repair Consortium (IMRC)

PLSD results were calculated by PM and SH, IMRC results were calculated by JD and MJ. PM and TTS initially drafted the paper, which was commented by all, after which the above and JS drafted a final version that was approved by all authors.