Table 1. Characteristics of patients undergoing ERCP with continued biliary cannulation after pancreatic stent placement before and after TPS introduction

Values are presented as number (%).

ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; TPS, transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy; type 1, regular papilla; type 2, small papilla, often flat, with a diameter ≤3 mm; type 3, protruding or pendulous papilla; type 4, creased or ridged papilla; ESRD, end-stage renal disease.

a)

Papilla located completely inside the diverticulum (type I), papilla located in the inner (type IIa) and outer (type IIb) margins of the diverticulum; papilla located outside the diverticulum (type III).

b)

Chi-squared test.

c)

Fisher exact test.

Table 2. Outcomes of patients undergoing ERCP with continued biliary cannulation after pancreatic stent placement before and after TPS introduction

Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation. Time variables are expressed in minutes.

ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; TPS, transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy.

a)Fisher exact test. b)Student t-test. c)Time variables are expressed in minutes.

Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors associated with post-ERCP pancreatitis

ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; TPS, transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy; type 1, regular papilla; type 2, small papilla, often flat, with a diameter ≤3 mm; type 3, protruding or pendulous papilla; type 4, creased or ridged papilla.

a)

Papilla intervention including endoscopic sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation.

Table 4. Conversion rates and biliary cannulation success after TPS introduction

TPS, transpancreatic precut sphincterotomy; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; type 1, regular papilla; type 2, small papilla, often flat, with a diameter ≤3 mm; type 3, protruding or pendulous papilla; type 4, creased or ridged papilla.

a)

No. of ERCPs performed (successful bile duct cannulation rate);

b)

papilla located completely inside the diverticulum (type I), papilla located in the inner (type II a) and outer (type II b) margins of the diverticulum; papilla located outside the diverticulum (type III).