Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Definition, Mechanisms, and Treatment Perspectives

Dziadzko V, Dziadzko M, Medina-Inojosa JR, et al. Causes and mechanisms of isolated mitral regurgitation in the community: clinical context and outcome. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:2194–202.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deferm S, Bertrand PB, Verbrugge FH, et al. Atrial functional mitral regurgitation: JACC review topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:2465–76.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Reddy YNV, Noseworthy P, Borlaug BA, et al. Screening for unrecognized HFpEF in atrial fibrillation and for unrecognized atrial fibrillation in HFpEF. JACC Heart Fail. 2024;12:990–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Borlaug BA, Sharma K, Shah SJ, et al. Heart Failure with preserved ejection fraction: JACC scientific statement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81:1810–34.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tamargo M, Obokata M, Reddy YNV, et al. Functional mitral regurgitation and left atrial myopathy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22:489–98.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Adamo M, Chioncel O, Benson L, et al. Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of heart failure patients with or without isolated or combined mitral and tricuspid regurgitation: an analysis from the ESC-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023;25:1061–71.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kajimoto K, Sato N, Takano T. Functional mitral regurgitation at discharge and outcomes in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure with a preserved or reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18:1051–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bartko PE, Hülsmann M, Hung J, et al. Secondary valve regurgitation in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Eur Heart J. 2020;41:2799–810.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bartko PE, Heitzinger G, Pavo N, et al. Burden, treatment use, and outcome of secondary mitral regurgitation across the spectrum of heart failure: observational cohort study. BMJ. 2021;373. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJ.N1421. (Epub ahead of print 30 June 2021).

Chioncel O, Lainscak M, Seferovic PM, et al. Epidemiology and one-year outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved, mid-range and reduced ejection fraction: an analysis of the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19:1574–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oikawa M, Yoshihisa A, Sato Y, et al. Prognostic impact of moderate mitral regurgitation on hospitalized heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: a report from the JASPER registry. Heart Vessels. 2020;35:1087–94.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Inciardi RM, Rossi A, Bergamini C, et al. Mitral regurgitation, left atrial structural and functional remodelling and the effect on pulmonary haemodynamics. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22:499–506.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mălăescu GG, Mirea O, Capotă R, et al. Left atrial strain determinants during the cardiac phases. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022;15:381–91.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zoghbi WA, Levine RA, Flachskampf F, et al. Atrial functional mitral regurgitation: a JACC: cardiovascular imaging expert panel viewpoint. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022;15:1870–82.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2022;43:561–632.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, et al. 2020 ACC/AHA guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the american college of cardiology/american heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2021;143:E72–227.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Spieker M, Sidabras J, Lagarden H, et al. Prevalence and prognostic impact of dynamic atrial functional mitral regurgitation assessed by isometric handgrip exercise. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2024;25:589–98.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Akashi J, Otsuji Y, Nishimura Y, et al. Updated pathophysiological overview of functional MR (ventricular and atrial). Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11748-024-02047-5. (Epub ahead of print 2024).

Naser JA, Alexandrino FB, Harada T, et al. The natural history of atrial functional mitral regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024;83:1495–507.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dal-Bianco JP, Aikawa E, Bischoff J, et al. Active adaptation of the tethered mitral valve: insights into a compensatory mechanism for functional mitral regurgitation. Circulation. 2009;120:334–42.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Deferm S, Bertrand PB, Verhaert D, et al. Mitral annular dynamics in AF versus sinus rhythm: novel insights into the mechanism of AFMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022;15:1–13.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kagiyama N, Mondillo S, Yoshida K, et al. Subtypes of atrial functional mitral regurgitation: imaging insights into their mechanisms and therapeutic implications. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;13:820–35.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bartko PE, Dal-Bianco JP, Guerrero JL, et al. Effect of losartan on mitral valve changes after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:1232–44.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Correale M, Magnesa M, Mazzeo P, et al. Left atrial functional remodeling in patients with chronic heart failure treated with sacubitril/valsartan. J Clin Med. 2023;12. https://doi.org/10.3390/JCM12031086. (Epub ahead of print 1 February 2023).

Ledwidge M, Dodd JD, Ryan F, et al. Effect of sacubitril/valsartan vs valsartan on left atrial volume in patients with pre-heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the PARABLE randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2023;8:366–75.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gertz ZM, Raina A, Saghy L, et al. Evidence of atrial functional mitral regurgitation due to atrial fibrillation: reversal with arrhythmia control. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:1474–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Carino D, Lapenna E, Ascione G, et al. Is mitral annuloplasty an effective treatment for severe atrial functional mitral regurgitation? J Card Surg. 2021;36:596–602.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deferm S, Bertrand PB, Verhaert D, et al. Outcome and durability of mitral valve annuloplasty in atrial secondary mitral regurgitation. Heart. 2021;107:1503–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Claeys MJ, Debonnaire P, Bracke V, et al. Clinical and hemodynamic effects of percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in atrial versus ventricular functional mitral regurgitation. Am J Cardiol. 2021;161:70–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

PopoloRubbio A, Testa L, Grasso C, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in atrial functional mitral regurgitation: insights from the multi-center MITRA-TUNE registry. Int J Cardiol. 2022;349:39–45.

Article  Google Scholar 

Masiero G, Montonati C, Rubbio AP, et al. Impact of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair on atrial functional mitral regurgitation from the GIOTTO registry. Am J Cardiol. 2024;211:219–27.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Doldi P, Stolz L, Orban M, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve repair in patients with atrial functional mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022;15:1843–51.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alkhouli M, Hahn RT, Petronio AS. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for atrial functional mitral regurgitation: effective therapy or elusive target?∗. Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15:1741–7.

Google Scholar 

Dhont S, van den Acker G, van Loon T, et al. Mitral regurgitation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the interplay of valve, ventricle, and atrium. Eur J Heart Fail. 2024;26(4):974–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.3231.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Comments (0)

No login
gif